文体旅小微企业女性创业者未来工作自我清晰度研究——基于北京延庆和河北张家口的实证分析

Research on the Future Work Self-clarity of Female Entrepreneurs in Small and Micro Enterprises of Culture,Sports and Tourism——An Empirical Analysis Based on Yanqing,Beijing and Zhangjiakou,Hebei

创业企业在创业中需要承担很多责任和风险以及面临更多不确定性,因此创业者专注于未来发展目标,减少外界各种困扰显得尤为关键。尽管已有研究已经关注到未来工作自我清晰度对于企业发展的重要性,但是对于其产生机制的研究还十分不足,在文体旅行业中更是如此。文章基于自我调节理论和社会学习理论,构建出社会规范影响女性创业者未来工作自我清晰度的模型。对495位北京市延庆区和河北省张家口地区文体旅行业女性创业者进行问卷调查,经过数据分析得到如下结论:社会规范正向影响未来工作自我清晰度和网络嵌入;社会规范正向影响创业自我效能感,进而影响未来工作自我清晰度,创业自我效能发挥部分中介作用。创业动机类型既能调节社会规范和未来工作自我清晰度之间的关系,也能调节创业自我效能与未来工作自我清晰度之间的关系。

Entrepreneurship needs to bear a lot of responsibilities and risks and face more uncertainties in the process of starting a business.It is particularly critical for entrepreneurs to focus on their future development goals and reduce external troubles.Although existing studies have focused on the importance of future work self-clarity for the development of enterprises,the research on its generation mechanism is still insufficient,especially in the culture,sports and tourism industry.Based on self-regulation theory and social learning theory,a model of the im-pact of social norms on female entrepreneur’s future work self-clarity was built.This study conducted a question-naire survey among 495 female entrepreneurs in the culture,sports and tourism industry in Yanqing District of Bei-jing and Zhangjiakou region of Hebei.After a data analysis,the following conclusions were drawn:Social norms pos-itively affect future work self-clarity and network embedding;social norms positively affect entrepreneurial self-ef-ficacy,and then influence future work self-clarity,so entrepreneurial self-efficacy plays a partial mediating role.The type of entrepreneurial motivation can moderate the relationship between social norms and future work self-clarity,but also the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and future work self-clarity.