陆弘祚的“文统说”及其对明文统绪的建构——以陆氏对唐宋派论说的因革为中心

Lu Hongzuo's"Article System Theory"and His Construction of the Article System of Ming Dynasty-Focusing on Lu's Inheritance and Transformation of Tangsong School's

明代隆万年间文章选家陆弘祚经由茅坤《唐宋八大家文钞》吸收“文统说”,并据之编成《皇明十大家文选》以示明文正统所在。虽然弘祚的论说与茅坤等唐宋派成员关系密切,但其对后者的主张却是有因有革,并在对待李梦阳一系古文家的态度上与之产生分歧。在化解分歧的过程中,弘祚采用的是强调“道”与“时”相协的文章价值评判新标准,并通过明文统绪的双线梳理,完成了对复古派与唐宋派两大阵营的调和。综观弘祚论说、选文的渊源与背景,既有宋元以来有关“文统”的阐述,亦有明代旨在梳理各类古文统绪的总集编选风气。对于弘祚的《皇明十大家文选》、“文统说”及其建构明文统绪的意义,需要置于多个时空向度中进行评判。

Lu Hongzuo,an article selector during the Longwan period of the Ming Dynasty,absorbed the"Article System Theory"through Mao Kun's Selected Works of the Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties,and compiled Selected Works of Ten Masters of Ming Dynasty to show the article tradition of the Ming Dynasty.Although Hongzuo's theories were closely related to Mao Kun and other members of the Tangsong School,his views on Mao's claim are both inherited and changed,and they had differences in attitudes towards Li Mengyang and similar writers.In the process of resolving differences,Hongzuo adopted a new criterion for judging the value of articles that emphasizes the coordination of""Tao"and"Time,"and completed the reconciliation of the Fugu school and the Tangsong school through the Two-line Arrangement of the Article System of Ming Dynasty.Taking a comprehensive look at the origin and background of Hongzuo's theories and selection,there are not only the expositions on"Article System"since the Song and Yuan Dynasties,but also the atmosphere of compiling and selecting collections in the Ming Dynasty aimed at sorting out various Article System.For the significance of Hong Zuo's Selected Works of Ten Masters of Ming Dynasty,"Article System Theory"and his construction of Article System of Ming Dynasty,it needs to be judged in multiple time and space dimensions.