“职普比例大体相当”如何实现因地制宜?——基于不同区域职普比的研究

How Does the Policy of “Roughly Equivalent Enrolment Proportion of Secondary Vocational Education to Regular Senior Secondary Schools” Adapt to Local Conditions——Based on the Research of Enrolment Proportion of Secondary Vocational Education to Regular

职普比例大体相当是过去相当一段时期内我国高中阶段教育政策安排的重要内容之一,对于推动我国中等职业教育发展发挥了积极作用。在新发展阶段,确保职普比例在一定范围内变化依然是确保我国职业教育可持续发展的重要政策工具。职普比例大体相当的地方实践已经呈现出明显的区域差异。以近年来职普比例变化为例,不同省份中职招生占比呈现出递增的趋势,但各省会城市职普比例城际差异较大,与此同时,不同区域职普比例变化也呈现出结构性差异。职普比例的区域差异和社会经济发展水平、职业教育资源集聚、普及高中教育政策安排及对中职教育的社会认知等因素有关。为落实因地制宜推进职普协调发展,新时期职普比例政策的落实需要推进坚持国家主导、重心下移至城市、改变统计口径、拓宽中职学生上升通道等改革。

Roughly equivalent enrolment proportion of secondary vocational education to regular senior secondary schools(REEPSVERSSS)is a key part of the senior secondary education policy which plays an important role in the improvement of secondary vocational education.In the new stage,REEPSVERSSS is still an important policy tool to improve the sustainable development of secondary vocational education in China.REEPSVERSSS has been shown a character different from the above province or cities.For example,the proportion of enrollment students in secondary vocational education in senior secondary education has increased in recent years and shows different REEPSVERSSS is more and more different from each other among the provincial capitals.REEPSVERSSS of the different regions shows different characters.The different REEPSVERSSS builds on the Level of social and economic development,the scale of vocational education,the universal senior secondary education policy and the social identity for vocational education.To coordinate the development of vocational education and regular education,it is necessary to be led by the central government,rely on the city,change statistical caliber and facilitate access to further education.