探索细胞的“脚步”:黏着斑的动态结构

Exploring the“footstep”of cells:dynamic structure of focal adhesions

黏着斑是细胞与细胞外基质之间重要的黏附结构,对于细胞黏附、信号传导和细胞迁移起着重要作用。通过感知外界机械力并将其转化为细胞内信号,黏着斑使细胞能够感知和响应环境变化,其结构也在发生动态变化,如同人类行走的“脚步”。深入了解黏着斑的结构和功能,对于揭示细胞生理和病理过程具有重要意义。本文概述了黏着斑结构与功能的最新研究进展,着眼于黏着斑动态结构变化中蛋白-蛋白相互作用、机械力以及液-液相分离的调控,同时也对黏着斑研究领域中未来的研究方法和研究内容进行了展望。

Focal adhesions(FAs)are subcellular structures mediating cell-extracellular matrix adhesion that play crucial roles in signal transduction and cell migration.By sensing and converting external mechanical forces into intracellular signals,FAs allow cells to perceive and respond to environmental changes.FAs dynamic nature resembles the“footsteps”of human walking.Understanding the structure and function of FAs is significant in unraveling cellular physiology and pathology.This review provides an overview of the recent advances in the understanding of FA structure and function,focusing on protein-protein interactions,mechanotransduction,and liquid-liquid phase separation in regulating the dynamic remodeling of FAs.Additionally,future research directions and methodologies in the field of FAs research are also discussed.