Clusterin结构、功能及其在疾病中的作用

Clusterin's structure,function and roles in disease

Clusterin(CLU)是一种糖蛋白,在细胞内的存在形式多样,可分为核型、胞质型和分泌型,且相对分子质量大小也因其糖基化和剪切程度不同而差异较大。尽管CLU在哺乳动物组织和体液中普遍存在,但是近年来研究报道显示,CLU主要由肝脏组织表达并分泌,而且生理和病理情况下其表达差异明显。CLU在细胞中的存在形式、分子大小差异较大,使其功能多样,如CLU可通过调控细胞内吞、凋亡等方式参与神经性、纤维化以及代谢疾病的发生发展。本文将概述CLU蛋白的结构特点、基本功能及其在生理和病理过程中的作用和潜在调控机制。

Clusterin(CLU)is a glycoprotein that exists in various forms in cells.It can be sorted into nuclear,intracellular,and secretory types,the molecular weight of CLU varies widely depending on its degree of glycosylation and shearing.Although CLU is ubiquitous in mammalian tissues and body fluids,recent studies have reported that CLU is mainly expressed and secreted by liver tissue.The expression level,forms,and molecular weight of CLU are significantly different under physiological and pathological conditions,which contribute to the different functions.For example,CLU can participate in the development of neurological,fibrotic,and metabolic diseases by regulating endocytosis and apoptosis.In this paper,we will summarize the structural characteristics,basic functions,physiological and pathological functions,and potential regulatory mechanisms of CLU.