丝状真菌遗传转化体系的研究进展

The research progress on genetic transformation system of filamentous fungi

随着现代测序技术的飞速发展,主要丝状真菌的基因组序列相继公布,对丝状真菌基因水平的研究也不断深入,发展高效的遗传转化技术是真菌基因功能研究以及定向改良菌种的前提。近年来,尽管研究者不断优化并开发新的遗传转化方法,然而在丝状真菌中仍然存在转化效率较低、阳性转化子筛选困难等问题。适宜的转化方法和筛选标记对丝状真菌的遗传转化有至关重要的作用。该文综述了丝状真菌遗传转化系统的研究进展,主要从受体细胞的处理、外源基因的整合与表达、常用转化方法和阳性转化子的筛选鉴定等方面进行概述,旨在为今后丝状真菌遗传转化体系的构建提供思路。

With the rapid development of modern sequencing technology,the genome sequences of major filamentous fungi have been published one after another,and the research on the gene level of filamentous fungi has also been deepened.The development of efficient genetic transformation technology is the premise of fungal gene function research and targeted improvement of strains.In recent years,researchers have continuously optimized and developed new genetic transformation methods.However,there are still some problems,such as low transformation efficiency and difficulty in screening positive transformants.Suitable transformation methods and screening markers play an important role in the genetic transformation of filamentous fungi.The research progress of filamentous fungi genetic transformation system is reviewed in this paper,mainly from the aspects of the treatment of recipient cells,integration and expression of foreign genes,common transformation methods and screening and identification of positive transformants in order to provide ideas for the construction of filamentous fungi genetic transformation system.