核酸脱氨酶的研究进展

Research progress of nucleic acid deaminases

核酸脱氨酶是一类以DNA或RNA为底物,催化其胞嘧啶或腺嘌呤脱氨基的锌离子依赖酶,可引起碱基的改变,在生物体的免疫防御、神经调控等多种生理过程中扮演重要角色,并且已有多种脱氨酶被开发为精准高效的碱基编辑器。该文就核酸脱氨酶的结构与功能特征进行系统概述,并探讨了该类酶的起源与演化,为后续有关研究与应用提供参考。

Nucleic acid deaminases are zinc-dependent enzymes that can deaminate cytosine or adenine in both DNA and RNA substrates,and therefore induce conversion of the base.The deaminases play important roles in the regulation of immune and nervous system in organisms,and several of them have been developed into precise and efficient base editors.This paper reviews the structure,function and evolution of nucleic acid deaminases,which will shed more light on the research and application of deaminases.