5G基站与区域综合能源系统的水–能耦合与协同

Water-energy Nexus and Coordination Between 5G Base Stations and Regional Integrated Energy Systems

优化基站(base station,BS)能量管理、加强基站与电网互动是降低5G基站运行成本、提升电网灵活性的有效方式。然而,现有“站–网”互动研究大多立足通信需求而忽略了电网约束。另一方面,水冷方案及其余热利用的引入使5G基站能量管理演化为涉及基站、配电/水网、供热用户交互的水–能管理问题。为此,在5G规模化应用和综合能源系统背景下,研究水冷5G基站与区域电–水联合系统(integrated electricity-water system,IEWS)的协同调度问题。综合考虑基站休眠、余热利用及“水/能产消”特性,提出水冷5G基站的水–能模型及水/能需求响应模型,并进一步提出基站与区域IEWS的协同机制及3阶段调度方法。用2个算例验证了所提方法的有效性及其对降低IEWS、5G基站运行成本,促进风光消纳的积极作用。

To optimize the energy management of base station(BS)and enhance the interaction between BS and the grid is an effective way to reduce the operational costs of 5G BS and improve grid flexibility.However,the existing studies on"BS-grid"interactions mostly concern telecommunication demands and ignore the constraints of the grid.Moreover,with the introduction of water-cooling and its waste heat utilization,the energy management problem of 5G BS has evolved into a water-energy management problem involving the interactions among BS,power and water distribution networks,and heat consumers.Therefore,in the context of the large-scale 5G application and integrated energy systems,this paper presents the coordinated scheduling of water-cooled 5G BS and regional integrated electricity-water system(IEWS).Considering the sleep mode switching,waste heat utilization and"water/energy prosumer"characteristics of BS,the water-energy nexus and the water/energy demand responses are modeled,and the coordination mechanism between BS and regional IEWS is further proposed with its three-stage scheduling method.The effectiveness of the proposed method and its benefits in reducing the operational costs of IEWS and 5G BS as well as promoting wind and photovoltaic power accommodation are verified by two case studies.