刈青燕麦饲草全株及茎叶穗的5种矿质元素含量分析

Analysis of Five Mineral Elements in Whole Plant,Stem,Leaf and Ear of Mowed Oat Forage

对刈青燕麦饲草不同品种及其不同部位的矿质元素含量进行分析,可为饲草种植、青干草调制以及燕麦新品种选育提供科学依据。采用高精度近红外光谱分析仪,对9个参试燕麦品种的全株以及茎、叶、穗3个部位的5种必需矿质元素含量进行测定。结果表明:在不同部位中,叶的Ca、P、K、S和Mg含量均为最高;不同品种全株的各元素含量不同,其中,和丰的Ca含量最高,蒙饲燕1号的P含量最高,品5号的K含量最高,张燕2号、冀张莜1号和蒙饲燕1号的S含量相同且均为最高,冀张莜1号的Mg含量最高;5种元素在参试品种不同部位的分布也有差异,Ca在红旗2号的茎、张燕2号的叶、和丰的穗中含量最高,P在蒙饲燕1号的茎和叶、品5号的穗中含量最高,K在张燕2号的茎、蒙饲燕2号的叶、品5号的穗中含量最高,S在张燕2号的茎和叶、蒙饲燕1号的穗中含量最高,Mg在张燕2号的茎、冀张莜1号的叶、坝燕2号的穗中含量最高。5种矿质元素均在刈青燕麦饲草的叶片中含量最高,5种矿质元素分布广泛的品种有和丰、蒙饲燕1号、品5号、张燕2号和冀张莜1号,这5个品种可以作为反刍动物的青饲料。

The analysis of mineral element content in different varieties and different parts of mowed oat forage can provide scientific basis for forage planting,hay preparation and new oat variety breeding.The contents of five essential mineral elements in the whole plant,stem,leaf and ear of nine oat varieties were determined by high-precision near-infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the Ca,P,K,S,and Mg contents in leaves were the highest.The content of various elements in the whole plant varied among different varieties,among which Hefeng had the highest Ca content,Mengsiyan No.1 had the highest P content,Pin No.5 had the highest K content,Zhangyan No.2,Jizhangyou No.1,and Mengsiyan No.1 had the same and highest S content,while Jizhangyou No.1 had the highest Mg content.The distribution of five elements in different parts of the tested varieties also varied.The highest content of Ca was found in the stems of Hongqi No.2,the leaves of Zhangyan No.2,and the ears of Hefeng.The highest content of P was found in the stems and leaves of Mengsiyan No.1 and the ears of Pin No.5.The highest content of K was found in the stems of Zhangyan No.2,the leaves of Mengsiyan No.2,and the ears of Pin No.5.The highest content of S was found in the stems and leaves of Zhangyan No.2 and the ears of Mengsiyan No.1.The highest content of Mg was found in the stem of Zhangyan No.2,the leaves of Jizhangyou No.1,and the ears of Bayan No.2.The contents of five mineral elements were the highest in the leaves of mowed oats.The five varieties with wide distribution of mineral elements were Hefeng,Mengsiyan No.1,Pin No.5,Zhangyan No.2 and Jizhangyou No.1.These five varieties can be used as green fodder for ruminants.