IRS1/PI3K信号通路在T2DM骨骼肌胰岛素抵抗中的相关研究进展

Research Progress of IRS1/PI3K Signal Pathway in Insulin Resistance of Skeletal Muscle in T2DM

胰岛素抵抗(IR)主要发生于骨骼肌等胰岛素敏感组织,是2型糖尿病(T2DM)的关键病理环节与主要发病机制。PI3K信号通路作为胰岛素调控血糖主要途径在传导障碍时会引发IR,是T2DM相关研究的热点,且相关实验颇多,但其对IR发病与治疗的干预机制目前尚未被完全阐明。PI3K信号通路主要涉及胰岛素受体(INsR)、胰岛素受体底物1(IRS1)、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)、蛋白激酶B(AKT)及葡萄糖转运体4(GLUT4)等调节因子,即IRS1/PI3K通路。从IRS1/PI3K通路干预骨骼肌IR的作用机制角度去探晰IR的发病机制,对临床探寻其防治靶点具有重要意义。文章对近年来IRS1/PI3K相关通路参与T2DM骨骼肌IR的相关研究进行了整理与归纳,以期为IR相关实验与临床防治提供文献理论参考与新思路。

Insulin resistance(IR)mainly occurs in insulin-sensitive tissues such as skeletal muscle,which is the key pathological link and main pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).PI3K signaling pathway,as the main way for insu⁃lin to regulate blood sugar,can cause IR when the conduction disorder occurs,which is a hot spot of T2DM related research,and there are many related experiments,but its intervention mechanism on the pathogenesis and treatment of IR has not been fully clarified at present.PI3K signaling pathway mainly involves insulin receptor(INsR),insulin receptor substrate(IRS1),phos⁃phatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K),protein kinase B(AKT)and glucose transporter 4(GLUT4),which is IRS1/PI3K pathway.To explore the pathogenesis of IR from the perspective of the mechanism of IRS1/PI3K pathway intervention on skeletal muscle IR is of great significance for clinical exploration of its prevention and treatment targets.In this paper,the research on IRS1/PI3K related pathway involved in skeletal muscle IR of T2DM in recent years has been sorted out and summarized,in order to provide theoretical references and new ideas for IR related experiments and clinical prevention and treatment.