2021年河南省低出生体重发生影响因素分析

Influencing factors of incidence of low birth weight in Henan,2021

目的:了解2021年河南省低出生体重发生情况,筛选其影响因素。方法:选择河南妇幼健康管理平台中出生日期为2021年1月1日至2021年12月31日的妊娠满28周的225984名活产新生儿及其母亲的信息。比较不同特征新生儿和不同特征母亲低出生体重发生率,采用Logistic回归分析筛选低出生体重的影响因素。结果:2021年河南省低出生体重发生率为4.40%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,母亲孕前BMI≥24.0 kg/m^(2)、受教育程度为初中及以上,新生儿出生季节为冬季是低出生体重发生的保护因素,OR(95%CI)分别为0.853(0.801~0.909)、0.604(0.517~0.705)和0.906(0.841~0.975)。新生儿为女婴、双胎及以上、早产,母亲孕前BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2)、剖宫产、年龄<25岁或≥35岁、初产、产前检查次数<5次、妊娠风险分级为橙色或红色是低出生体重发生的危险因素,OR(95%CI)分别为1.457(1.385~1.533)、6.233(5.757~6.748)、46.460(44.096~48.950),1.446(1.325~1.577)、1.462(1.380~1.548)、1.086(1.008~1.170)或1.178(1.080~1.286)、1.598(1.505~1.695)、1.230(1.168~1.296)、1.218(1.116~1.328)或2.461(1.846~3.281)。结论:低出生体重的发生与多种母亲因素有关;应加强对重点孕妇的健康宣教和指导,有针对性地开展低出生体重防治工作。

Aim:To study the incidence and effective factors of low birth weight(LBW)in Henan in 2021.Methods:Data of 225984 newborns and their mothers were collected from Henan Maternal and Child Health Management Platform from January 1 to December 31,2021.The incidence of LBW among newborns or mothers with different characteristics were compared,and the influencing factors were screened by Logistic regression analysis.Results:The incidence of LBW was 4.40%in Henan,2021.The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal pregnancy BMI≥24.0 kg/m^(2),the mother′s education level of junior high school and above,born in winter were protective factors for LBW,OR(95%CI)were 0.853(0.801-0.909),0.604(0.517-0.705)and 0.906(0.841-0.975),respectively.Female infant,multiple pregnancy,preterm delivery,maternal pregnancy BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2),cesarean delivery,maternal age<25 or≥35 years,primiparity,the number of prenatal examination<5,risk of pregnancy orange or red were risk factors for LBW,OR(95%CI)were 1.457(1.385-1.533),6.233(5.757-6.748),46.460(44.096-48.950),1.446(1.325-1.577),1.462(1.380-1.548),1.086(1.008-1.170)or 1.178(1.080-1.286),1.598(1.505-1.695),1.230(1.168-1.296),1.218(1.116-1.328)or 2.461(1.846-3.281..Conclusion:The incidence of LBW is associated with many maternal characteristics.It is necessary to further enhance health education and guidance for key pregnant women and carry out prevention and treatment purposefully.