从甲骨文看第一人称代词“余”“朕”“我”的谦敬功能

On the Modest and Respectful Function of the First Person Pronouns“Yu”,“Zhen”and“I”from the Oracle Bone Inscriptions

文章以《甲骨文合集》《甲骨文合集补编》与《甲骨文合集释文》为依据,整理殷商甲骨卜辞第一人称代词“余”“朕”“我”的相关文例,对它们的搭配进行分析并得出结论:“我”表尊称,“余”是时王谦卑的自称,“朕”尚不具备谦敬功能。

Based on the Collection of Oracle Bone Inscriptions,Supplement to the Collection of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Interpretation of the Collection of Oracle Bone Inscriptions,this paper sorts out the relevant examples of the first personal pronouns“Yu”,“Zhen”and“I”in oracle bone inscriptions of the Yin Shang Dynasty,analyzes their collocation,and draws the conclusion that“I”represents an honorific title,“Yu”is the self proclaimed modesty of Wang Shi,and“Zhen”does not yet have the function of humility and respect.