摘要
[目的]研究日粮中藜麦秸秆微贮替代全株玉米青贮对西杂育肥牛生产性能、营养物质表观消化率及血清指标的影响。[方法]选择体况良好、初始体重450 kg左右的西杂肉牛36头,随机分为4组,即对照组、试验1组、试验2组、试验3组,每组9头,每头为1个重复。对照组饲喂TMR基础日粮,试验1组、试验2组、试验3组在基础日粮中粗饲料的基础上分别用藜麦秸秆微贮替代10%、30%、50%的全株玉米青贮。预饲期15 d,正饲期60 d。记录各组肉牛在试验期间的体重及采食情况,计算平均日增重、平均日采食量、平均料重比;采集饲料样品及粪样,测定主要营养物质含量,计算营养物质表观消化率;试验结束时,采集血液样本制备血清,测定血清生化指标、抗氧化能力指标以及免疫指标。[结果]与对照组相比,试验1组肉牛的平均日增重显著(P<0.05)提高,平均料重比显著(P<0.05)降低。试验1组、试验2组、试验3组肉牛的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗纤维(CF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)表观消化率均显著(P<0.05)低于对照组。试验1组肉牛的血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),以及IgG和IgM含量显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,血清MDA含量低于对照组(P>0.05)。[结论]日粮中用藜麦秸秆微贮替代部分全株玉米青贮饲喂西杂育肥牛,可提高日增重,降低料重比,增强机体抗氧化能力和免疫能力,建议替代比例以10%为宜。
[Objective]This study was conducted to assess the effects of partly replacing whole-plant corn silage with quinoa straw micro-silage on production performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,and serum indexes of fattening Simmental crossbred cattle.[Method]A total of 36 Simmental crossbred cattle with good physical condition and initial weight of around 450 kg were selected and randomly assigned into the following 4 groups:a control group and three experiment groups.There were 9 cattle in each group,and each head was a replicate.The control group fed a basal diet(TMR),and quinoa straw micro-silage was used to replace whole-plant corn silage at ratios of 10%,30%,and 50%on the basis of roughage in the basal diet in experiment group 1,experiment group 2,and experiment group 3,respectively.The pre-feeding period was 15 d,and the formal feeding period was 60 d.The body weight and feed intake status of the experimental beef cattle in each group during the experiment period was recorded to calculate the average daily gain,average daily feed intake,and average feed to gain ratio.Diet and fecal samples were collected to determine the contents of main nutrients,and to calculate the nutrient apparent digestibility.At the end of the feeding experiment,blood were collected to prepare serum samples,and the serum biochemical indexes,antioxidant capacity indexes,and immune indexes were measured.[Result]Compared with the control group,the experiment group 1 had significantly(P<0.05)increased average daily gain,while had significantly(P<0.05)reduced average feed to gain ratio.The apparent digestibilities of dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),crude fiber(CF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),and acidic detergent fiber(ADF)were significantly lower(P<0.05)in experiment group 1,experiment group 2,and experiment gruop 3 than those in the control group.In experiment group 1,the serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),as well as the contents of IgG and IgM were significantly(P<0.05)higher than those in the control group,while the serum level of MDA was significantly(P<0.05)lower than that in the control group.[Conclusion]Partly replacing whole-plant corn silage with quinoa straw micro-silage in the diet of fattening Simmental crossbred cattle increased the daily gain,reduced feed to gain ratio,and enhanced the antioxidant and immune ability.Substitution at a ratio of 10%was recommended.
作者
张俊丽
摆世林
侯鹏霞
梁小军
ZHANG Junli;BAI Shilin;HOU Pengxia;LIANG Xiaojun(Institute of Animal Science,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;Ningxia Xiangfeng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Guyuan 753400,China)
出处
《畜牧与饲料科学》
2023年第4期41-46,54,共7页
Animal Husbandry and Feed Science
基金
宁夏农业科技自主创新农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范课题“特色农林副产物高质化利用技术研究”(NGSB-2021-12-11)
国家现代农业(肉牛牦牛)产业技术体系资助(CARS-37)
绿色宜居村镇技术创新重点专项“肉牛健康养殖及养殖场粪污无害化技术集成应用”(2021YFD1100508)。
关键词
藜麦秸秆微贮
西杂肉牛
生产性能
血清指标
表观消化率
quinoa straw micro-silage
Simmental crossbred cattle
production performance
serum index
apparent digestibility