车用智能材料发展现状综述

Review of development status of intelligent materials for vehicles

作为新一代车用材料,智能材料为实现汽车轻量化、智能化等设计目标提供了新的研究方向和设计思路。为进一步推动车用智能材料的研究进程,本文针对压电材料、磁流变材料以及形状记忆合金3种智能材料分别展开综述,阐述了各类材料的特殊性质,系统总结了在汽车能量回收、结构振动抑制、传感器、执行器、安全防护等重要研究领域的国内外研究成果。最后,分析了目前车用智能材料商用化存在的挑战,并指出了未来研究的方向。

As a new generation of automotive materials,smart materials provide new research directions and design ideas for the realization of automotive lightweight and intelligent design goals.In order to further promote the research process of smart materials for automobiles,this paper reviews piezoelectric materials,magnetorheological materials and shape memory alloys respectively,describes the special properties of various materials,and systematically summarizes domestic and foreign research achievements in important research fields such as automotive energy recovery,structural vibration suppression,sensors,actuators,and safety protection.Finally,the challenges of commercialization of smart materials for automobiles are analyzed,and the directions of future research are pointed out.