中国海域头足类物种多样性

Species Diversity of Cephalopods in the China Seas

本文回顾了中国头足类物种多样性研究历史,分析了头足类的种类组成、分布特点,结果显示中国海域头足类记录的有效现存种达154种,隶属于34科79属:鹦鹉螺目1科1属1种,乌贼目3科12属37种,闭眼鱿目1科4属13种,开眼鱿目17科38属47种,八腕目8科20属51种,幽灵蛸目1科1属1种,未定目3科3属4种。渤海、黄海、东海和南海的头足类种类组成存在显著差异性,呈自北(渤海)向南(南海)逐渐增多的趋势:渤海9种,黄海15种,东海91种,南海140种。结合上述研究结果和国内外研究现状、发展趋势,对深入开展头足类多样性研究提出了建议。

In this article,we review the literature on cephalopod diversity of the China Seas.We record 154 living species,comprising 79 genera in 34 families.They are Nautilida:one family,one genus,one species;Sepioidea:three families,12 genera,37 species;Myosida:one family,four genera,13 species;Oegopsida:17 families,38 genera,47 species;Octopoda:eight families,20 genera,51 species;Vampyromorphida:one family,one genus,one species,and incertae sedis:three families,three genera,four species.There are significant differences in the cephalopod diversity of Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea,East China Sea and South China Sea.The numbers of species increase from the northern-most Bohai(nine species)southward to Yellow Sea with 15 species,East China Sea with 91 species to the southern-most South China Sea with 140 species.Based on our results and the advances of cephalopod research internationally,suggestions are made on further studies to advance our knowledge on cephalopod diversity of China.