低空无人机遥感在油料作物表型分析中的应用

Application of low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing in the phenotypic analysis of oil crops

传统的油料作物田间表型数据采集方法费时费力,工作效率低。低空无人机遥感具有快速便捷、成本低、易操控等优势,提高了在中、小尺度区域遥感观测油料作物的形态学参数和生理生化指标的精细化程度,初步实现了油料作物田间生长信息的快速采集、处理与分析应用。本文综述了近年来国内外低空无人机遥感在油菜、大豆、花生、向日葵、油棕等油料作物表型分析上的研究进展,介绍了当前主流的无人机飞行平台、机载传感器以及作业流程,重点梳理了无人机遥感在油料作物形态学分析、生理生化指标检测、产量估测以及逆境胁迫监测等多方面的应用情况,指出了低空无人机遥感在油料作物监测领域存在的不足和未来的发展趋势,以期为智慧农业的后续发展和精准应用提供理论依据。

The conventional approach to gathering field phenotypic data for oil crops is characterized by its time-consuming and labor-intensive nature,resulting in low work efficiency.Conversely,low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote sensing offers numerous advantages,including rapidity,convenience,low cost,and ease of manipulation.This technology enhances the precision of morphological parameters and physiological and biochemical indicators of oil crops measured by remote sensing in small-and medium-scale areas,thereby enabling the initial attainment of field growth information for oil crops.Furthermore,it facilitates the swift acquisition,processing,and analysis of such data.This study provided a comprehensive overview of the advancements made in domestic and foreign low-altitude UAV remote sensing for oil crops,including rape,soybean,peanut,sunflower,and oil palm,and it introduced the prevailing UAV flight platforms,airborne sensors,and operating procedures,and it focused on combing the application of UAV remote sensing in morphological analysis,detection of physiological and biochemical indicators,yield estimation,and monitoring of adversity stress in recent years.Furthermore,it identified the limitations and future prospects of low-altitude UAV remote sensing in the domain of oil crop monitoring,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent development and accurate implementation of smart agriculture.