不同颜色果袋对阳光玫瑰葡萄成熟过程中果锈发生及品质的影响

Effects of Different Color Fruit Bags on Berry Russet and Quality of Shine Muscat Grape during Ripening

探明不同颜色果袋对阳光玫瑰葡萄果锈发生及品质的影响,为生产上更好地选择果袋并进行优质生产奠定基础。以10年生阳光玫瑰葡萄植株为试验材料,设置5种不同颜色果袋处理,以不套袋为对照,比较果实成熟过程中的果锈发生及品质变化。结果表明,随着果实的成熟,果锈发生率表现出先增加后趋于稳定的变化趋势,对照、红袋、白袋、蓝袋、绿袋和黑袋的果锈发生率达到较高水平的时间分别为盛花后97 d、107 d、107 d、107 d、122 d和107 d,对应果锈发生率分别为19.47%、12.48%、12.42%、9.62%、7.59%和0.84%。对照、蓝袋的果皮较亮,黑袋的果皮较暗。对照、白袋和蓝袋的单粒质量均在盛花后107 d达到最大值,其他处理在盛花后122 d达到最大值,且白袋的最大单粒质量最大,为15.57 g,其次是蓝袋。对照、白袋和黑袋的果实硬度较大,绿袋和蓝袋的果实硬度较小。对照、白袋、蓝袋和红袋的果实可溶性固形物含量和糖酸比较高,其果实可溶性固形物含量均在盛花后97 d达到18%或以上,绿袋和黑袋的果实可溶性固形物含量在盛花后107 d均达到18%或以上。总之,蓝袋可以显著降低阳光玫瑰葡萄果锈发生,且对果实成熟期和品质影响最小,是阳光玫瑰葡萄优质生产的较好选择。

The effects of different color fruit bags on berry russet and quality of Shine Muscat grape were studied to lay the foundation for selecting suitable fruit bags to produce high quality fruit.Ten‑year‑old Shine Muscat grapevines were used as materials.Five different color fruit bag treatments were set to compare the changes of berry russet rate and fruit quality during ripening.No bagging clusters were as the control.Results showed that the berry russet rate of Shine Muscat increased first and then stabilized with the process of fruit maturity.The berry russet rate reached a high level for the control,red bag,white bag,blue bag,green bag,and black bag at 97 d,107 d,107 d,107 d,122 d,and 107 d after full bloom,respectively.At this time,the berry russet rate was 19.47% for the control,12.48% for red bag,12.42% for white bag,9.62% for blue bag,7.59% for green bag,and 0.84% for black bag.The control and blue bag treatment had a higher peel brightness than other treatments,while the black bag had a lower peel brightness than other treatments.Berry weight of the control and treatments of white bag and blue bag reached the maximum at 107 d after full bloom,while berry weight of other treatments reached the maximum at 122 d after full bloom.The white bag had the highest berry weight at all,which was 15.57 g,followed by blue bag.The control and treatments of white bag and black bag had a higher berry firmness than other treatments,while the treatments of green bag and blue bag had a lower berry firmness than other treatments.The total soluble solids(TSS)content and TSS/titratable acid(TA)of the control and treatments of white bag,blue bag and red bag were higher than other treatments,and the TSS content reached 18% or above at 97 d after full bloom.The TSS content of the treatments of green bag and black bag reached 18%or above at 107 d after full bloom.In conclusion,the blue bag can be a good choice for producing high quality fruit,which could decrease berry russet rate significantly and has little effects on fruit quality.