基于多智能体协调的柔性温控负荷分布式分层控制策略

Distributed Hierarchical Control Strategy of Flexible Thermostatically Controlled Loads Based on Multi-Agent Coordination

随着全球能源危机不断加剧,可再生能源在电力系统中的占比不断增加。需求侧响应可以通过引入柔性可控负荷来增强新型电力系统的调节能力。基于此,研究了需求侧响应中的柔性温控负荷控制问题,基于多智能体一致性算法提出了柔性温控负荷分布式分层控制策略。该策略在上层优化层考虑温控负荷聚合商的最优功率分配,在下层协调层考虑温控负荷的分布式协调机制。面向用户用电行为的不确定性问题,从理论上证明了上层分布式优化算法和下层协调控制算法的收敛性,并在MATLAB环境中进行了数值仿真实验,以验证所提策略的有效性。相较于传统集中式控制方法,所提出的分布式分层控制策略有利于减轻响应事件中管理单元的通信负担并保护电力用户隐私。

With the intensification of the global energy crisis,the proportion of renewable energy in the power system is increasing.Demand response can enhance the regulation capacity of new power systems by introducing flexible controllable loads.In this paper,the control problem of flexible thermostatically controlled loads(TCLs) in demand response is studied,and a distributed hierarchical control strategy is proposed based on a multi-agent consensus algorithm.In this strategy,the optimal power distribution problem for the TCL aggregator is considered in the upper optimization layer,and the distributed coordination mechanism for TCLs is considered in the lower coordination layer.The convergence of the upper distributed optimization algorithm and the lower coordinated control algorithm is proved theoretically for the uncertainty problem of users′ electricity consumption behavior.Numerical simulation experiments are carried out in MATLAB environment to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.Compared with the centralized control methods,the proposed distributed hierarchical control strategy can reduce the communication burden of the manage unit of demand response event and protect users' privacy.