感恩的心理学研究

The Psychology of Gratitude

感恩是指个体用感激情绪了解或回应因他人的恩惠或帮助而使自已获得积极经验或结果的一种人格特质。它既是人类重要的积极情感,又是一个人对社会关系的积极的心理反映。随着积极心理学研究的深入,感恩的研究越来越受到人们的重视。根据人的心理发展的规律,只有感知到了别人的恩惠才会产生相应的情绪情感,进而对他人做出报恩的行为。感恩属于人的认知,报恩属于人的行为,没有认知作为基础,就不会将感恩付诸实际行动。个体如果心怀感恩之情,反映出其对自已与社会以及他人的关系认知清晰;个体将感恩付诸实际,则反映了基于对感恩的正确认知,个体产生了强烈的责任感。然而,随着经济的快速发展,人们越来越注重对物质财富的追求,精神生活贫、感恩意识淡薄逐渐成为当今社会的主流现象,这不仅影响了人才的培养,也不利于和谐社会的构建。因此,本研究拟对感恩的影响因素、功能等方面的新成果作一系统阐述,并针对感恩的培养提出了合理的对策,具有一定的理论价值和实践意义。

Gratitude is a kind of personality trait in which an individual uses gratitude to understand or respond to the positive experience or results ofothers'favor or help.It is not only human's important positive emotion,but also a person's positive psychological reflection of social relations.With the development of positive psychology research,more and more people pay attention to the research of gratitude.According to the law of human psychological development,only when the grace of others is perceived can the corresponding emotions be generated,and then the behavior of gratitude to others is reciprocated.Gratitude belongs to human cognition,gratitude belongs to human behavior,without cognition as the basis,gratitude will not be put into practical action.If an individual has gratitude,it reflects his clear understanding of his relationship with society and others.When individuals put gratitude into practice,it reflects that they have a strong sense of responsibility based on the correct cognition of gratitude.However,with the rapid development of economy,people pay more and more attention to the pursuit of material wealth,poor spiritual life and weak sense of gratitude have gradually become the mainstream phenomenon in today's society,which not only affects the training of talents,but also is not conducive to the construction of a harmonious society.Therefore,this study intends to systematically elaborate the new achievements in the aspects of influencing factors and functions of gratitude,and put forward reasonable countermeasures for the cultivation of gratitude,which has certain theoretical value and practical significance.