论公共数据授权运营的制度构建

Research on the Institution Construction of Public Data Authorization Operation

政府作为公共数据的管理人,其开展公共数据授权运营迫在眉睫,然而实践中的公共数据授权运营制度体系尚未完善。同时,公共数据运营的边界尚未明确,数据权益配置不清,数据授权运营存在立法不足等问题。公共数据授权运营制度应基于社会本位,在授权的权限设置、被授权对象的选择、可开发公共数据范围的确定以及授权协议内容、形式等方面朝着实现公共利益的方向进行。按照“领域法学”思维,坚持问题导向,构建数据归集制度、运营管理监督制度、数据需求交付管理制度、效果评估制度等公共数据授权运营制度,完善现有的公共数据分级分类规则和技术性规范,从市场生态培育角度出发,保障公共数据利用的安全性、公平性与公益性。

As the administrator of public data,it is urgent for the government to carry out authorized operation of public data.However,the institutional system of authorized operation of public data has not been perfected in practice.The boundary of public data operation is not yet clear,the allocation of data rights and interests is unclear,and there is insufficient legislation for data authorization and operation.The system of public data authorization and operation should be based on social orientation and should be oriented toward the realization of public interests in terms of the setting of authorization authority,the selection of authorized parties,the determination of the scope of exploitable public data,and the content and form of authorization agreements.In accordance with the thinking of“domain jurisprudence”,we adhere to the problem-oriented approach,build a data collection system and an operation management and supervision system,build a management system of data demand delivery,build an effect evaluation system and other public data authorization and operation systems.We should improve the existing public data classification rules,improve technical specifications,and guarantee the safety,fairness,and public welfare of public data utilization from the perspective of market ecology cultivation.