《淮南子》美德、伦理观浅议

On the Virtue and Ethics in Huainan Zi

从本质上讲,美德的主体是个人,伦理的主体是社会。《淮南子》的“向善”思想可看作其美德观最基本的思想,所“向”的“善”是虚静之人性的表现,不同于儒家。《淮南子》的美德思想出自人性而见之于人事。《淮南子》的伦理观,从总体上说,是以爱国主义为指向的。处事之“和”是伦理实现之基本途径。教化之“因”是伦理构建之基本方法。层级结构的公序良俗是伦理观的基本内容。时代的需要是伦理建设的现实原则。重视人情,或者说,面向社会现实,是《淮南子》美德、伦理观构建之主要方向,也是最大优点。

Essentially,the subject of virtue is individual,and the subject of ethics is society.The idea of“towards goodness”in Huainan Zi can be seen as the most basic thought of his virtue,the“goodness”is performance of human nature being void and quiet which is different from Confucianism.The virtue idea in Huainan Zi comes from human nature and is shown in human affairs.The view of ethics in Huainan Zi,generally speaking,is directed to patriotism.The“coordination”in doing things is the basic approach to realize ethics.The“following”in civilizing is the basic method to construct ethics.The public order and good custom in hierarchies is basic contents of the view of ethics.The need of the times is reality principle of ethical construction.To value human feelings,or,to face social reality,is main direction to construct the view of virtue and ethics,and is also the great advantage.