玉米单倍体自然加倍双轮回育种体系的探索

Analysis of Maize Haploid on Spontaneous Doubling Capabilities into Recurrent Selection Breeding System

依据相关理论和育种实践提出,在单倍体规模化育种技术基础上,应用单倍体轮选遗传修复原理,纳入主体杂优模式双向轮回选择育种理念,构建“单倍体自然加倍双轮回育种技术体系”。通过对主体杂优模式的双向DH轮回循环选择改良,逐步累加农艺性状相关有益基因频率,快速聚合雄穗自然加倍基因,保持2个群体的遗传距离与配合力,逐步形成两个相互对应的单倍体高自然加倍商业化核心种质群,步入简单、快捷、高效的“单倍体自然加倍双轮回育种技术体系”。该体系经全面运行实施,验证了缩短育种年限、简化操作流程、节约选系成本、提高育种效率的效果。

This article is proposed based on related theory and breeding practice:On the foundation of scaled haploid breeding technique,we are applying genetic repairing mechanism of the haploids to recover its doubling ca⁃pabilities in recurrent selection scheme.We integrated this recovering doubling capabilities into the main frame of the bidirectional heterotic group breeding practice using recurrent breeding selection concept,construct the“Hap⁃loid on Spontaneous Doubling Capabilities into Recurrent Selection Breeding System”.By improving the haploid doubling rate in the main framework of bidirectional heterotic group recurrent breeding schemes,the system is able to rapidly accumulate the spontaneous doubling genes of the male tassel,and cumulatively combine useful genes for agronomic traits improvement.Maintain the genetic distance and cooperation between the two populations,we are able to generate two high haploid doubling commercial core germplasm heterotic groups that correspond to each oth⁃er,and step into a simple,fast and efficient“Haploid on Spontaneous Doubling Capabilities into Recurrent Selec⁃tion Breeding System”.The system has been fully operated and implemented,and has been verified to significantly shorten the breeding period,reduce the operation process,save the cost of line selection,and improve the breeding efficiency.