临时收储政策改革背景下玉米盈利能力与生产率

Corn Profitability and Productivity under the Background of Storage Policy Reform

基于2000-2018年“东北三省一区”的投入产出面板数据和O’Donnell提出的加总价格-数量框架,采用F?re-Primont生产率指数分析临储政策的实施及改革对玉米盈利能力及其组成部分的影响,探究玉米盈利能力变化的动力源泉。研究发现,临储政策实施后,临储地区玉米盈利能力降低,其原因是产出-投入相对价格(TT)大幅下降,全要素生产率(TFP)则增长缓慢。临储政策虽大幅提高了玉米价格,但同时也造成了土地租金的大幅增长,再加上劳动力价格的上涨,共同导致了TT的大幅下降。临储政策改革后,临储地区玉米盈利能力持续降低,由TT和TFP的下降共同驱动。临储政策改革还表现出较强的时间异质性,价补分离政策能够有效缓解临储政策取消对农民利益的冲击。

Based on the aggregate-price-quantity analysis framework and Färe-Primont productivity index,this paper takes the provincial panel data of 19 provinces in the main corn producing areas from 2000 to 2018 as the research object,analyzes the changes in corn profitability and its components in the temporary storage areas before and after the implementation and reform of the temporary storage policy,and explores the driving forces for the changes in corn profitability.The study found that,after the implementation of the temporary storage policy,the prof⁃itability of corn in the temporary storage area decreased,which was due to the significant decrease in the input-out⁃put relative price(TT),while the growth of TFP was slow.Although the temporary storage policy has significantly in⁃creased the price of corn,it has also caused a large increase in land rents coupled with the rise in labor prices,which has led to a sharp decline in TT.After the reform of the temporary storage policy,the profitability of corn in the temporary storage area continued to decrease,driven by the decline of TT and TFP.In addition,the reform of the temporary storage policy also showed a strong time heterogeneity,and the price supplement separation policy can ef⁃fectively alleviate the impact of the cancellation of the temporary reserve policy on the interests of farmers.