上吸式固定床气化炉处理中药渣的试验应用研究

Application Study of Top-Suction Fixed-Bed Gasification for Treating Chinese Medicine Residue

以中药渣和建筑模板料为原料,采用上吸式固定床气化炉及工业锅炉供热装置进行对比试验,探讨两种原料在不同气化氛围(空气、空气−蒸汽混合气)下炉内压力和温度变化、气化效率、燃气产率以及蒸汽产率等。结果表明,中药渣和建筑模板料在空气中的气化温度和压力变化差异较小,气化条件相近。两种原料在空气−蒸汽气氛下燃气产物热值(6.0 MJ/m^(3)和6.5MJ/m^(3))明显高于空气气氛下的燃气热值(5.2MJ/m^(3)和5.4MJ/m^(3));在添加蒸汽气氛下气化,炉内温差更小,压力更为稳定。在空气为气化剂条件下,两种原料的气化效率分别为80.17%和84.01%,燃气产率分别达到了2.05 m^(3)/kg和2.40 m^(3)/kg。此外,在气化炉−锅炉系统高负荷运行条件下,每生产1t饱和蒸汽需要消耗277.78 kg中药渣或232.56kg建筑模板料。采用建筑模板料进行气化实验,虽然在气化效率等方面均优于中药渣,但由于两种原料元素含量和气化条件及结果大致相同,因此,中药渣可有效替换建筑模板料,实现中药渣的自循环利用。

Comparative experiments were carried out with Chinese medicine residue and construction formwork material as raw materials using a top-suction fixed-bed gasifier and an industrial boiler heater to investigate the pressure,temperature difference,gasification efficiency,gas yield,and steam yield under different gasification atmospheres(air,air-steam).The results showed that the differences in gasification temperature and pressure between Chinese medicine residue and construction formwork material gasified in air were small,and the gasification conditions were similar.The calorific value of the two raw materials under the atmosphere of air and steam mixture atmosphere(6.0 MJ/m^(3)and 6.5 MJ/m^(3))were significantly higher than that of the gas under the air atmosphere(5.2 MJ/m^(3)and 5.4 MJ/m^(3)).The temperature difference was smaller and the pressure was more stable in the furnace under the atmosphere of steam addition.The gasification efficiency of the two raw materials was 80.17%and 84.01%with air as the gasification agent,and the gas yield reached 2.05 m^(3)/kg and 2.40 m^(3)/kg,respectively.In addition,277.78 kg of Chinese medicine residue or 232.56 kg of construction formwork material were consumed for each 1 t of saturated steam production under the high load operating conditions of the gasification-boiler system.Based on the above results,experiments using construction formwork material are better than that of Chinese medicine residue in terms of gasification efficiency,but since the elemental content and gasification conditions and results of the two raw materials are more or less the same,Chinese medicine residue can effectively replace the construction formwork material and realize the self-recycling of Chinese medicine residue.