《实践论》与马克思主义中国化的自觉意识

"On Practice"and the Consciousness of Sinicization of Marxism

《实践论》是毛泽东在中国革命的具体语境中对马克思主义认识论作出重要发展的代表性著作。与苏联学者的相关论述不同,毛泽东把认识与实践的关系问题从一般认识论推进到了基于实践的认识论的理论层面,从而在实践是认识的真理性标准之外,强调了实践是认识发展的来源、实践是认识发展水平的重要决定因素等观点。同时,他把从认识向实践的转化从一次性的认识环节提升到了认识发展的无限推移性即循环往复以至无穷的理论层面上。既立足于中国革命的具体实际,又得益于深厚的中华优秀传统文化功底,是毛泽东在《实践论》中对马克思主义认识论作出创新性发展的根本原因。

"On Practice"is a representative work of Mao Zedong's important development of Marxist epistemology in the specific context of the Chinese revolution.Different from the relevant statements of Soviet scholars,Mao Zedong advanced the issue of the relationship between cognition and practice from a general epistemology to a theoretical level of epistemology based on practice,emphasizing that practice is the source of cognitive.development and that practice is an important determinant of the level of cognitive development,in addition to the viewpoint that practice is the criterion of truth.At the same time,he elevated the transformation from cognition to practice from a one-time cognitive link to the theoretical level of infinite progression of cognitive development,namely,repeating itself in endless cycles.The fundamental reason for Mao Zedong's innovative development of Marxist epistemology in"On Practice"is that he is based on the specific reality of the Chi-nese revolution and benefits from his profound knowledge of China's fine traditional culture.