基于多源数据的教室活荷载实测与统计分析

Survey and Statistical Analysis of Live Loads of Classroom Based on Multi-source Data

并行使用传统称重方法和大数据方式对某大学教学楼进行活荷载实际调查,从建筑图纸、设备照片、视频、图像识别、网络匹配以及课表等多源渠道收集教室活荷载的相关数据。采用单因素方差分析,讨论了上课学期、楼宇差异、教室朝向以及楼层等因素对教室活荷载的影响。利用数理统计方法,研究了教室任意时点持久性活荷载和临时性活荷载的概率分布和统计参数。K-S检验表明,二者均服从极值I型分布,据此建立了设计基准期T=50年时教室持久性和临时性活荷载最大值的概率分布模型,并通过Turkstra组合规则得到教室活荷载标准值。以此为例证明了在大数据时代,基于多源数据开展建筑活荷载调查的可行性。

The load survey of a university teaching building is conducted by using the traditional method as well as the big data method,to collect the live load data of classroom from multiple sources like architectural drawings,device images,videos,image recognition,network matching and classroom schedules.One-way analysis of variance is performed respectively,to discuss the influence of semester,building difference,classroom orientation and floor level on the live loads.The probability distribution and statistical parameters of point-in-time sustained live load and extraordinary live load in classroom are studied by mathematical statistics method.The hypothetical distributions are tested with K-S test and both are found to follow the extreme I-type distribution.Thereby the distributed models of the maximum sustained live load and extraordinary live load of classroom are established at design reference period T=50 years,to obtain the characteristic value of live load of classroom by Turkstra combination rule.This example demonstrates the feasibility of the idea of building live load survey based on multi-source data in big data era.