美国《通货膨胀削减法案》能源政策对我国经济的影响及应对建议

The Energy Policy of the US Inflation Reduction Act,Its Impact on China's Economy,and Countermeasures

《通货膨胀削减法案》(IRA)是美国近年来涉及能源政策、医疗保健、气候变化、财政税收等全领域综合性法案,能源政策条款是IRA的核心组成部分。IRA能源政策条款具有以巨额财政税收补贴为载体,服务于美国能源和制造业安全,旨在推动生产生活绿色转型,部分条款具有明显的保护主义色彩。IRA能源政策将导致我国清洁能源产业发展面临更加激烈的外部竞争,对我国铝电池、新能源汽车等领域的产业升级、技术进步、市场拓展造成严重的负面影响,长期内甚至将对我国新能源产业形成围堵和打压之势。建议密切追踪IRA能源政策条款的推进情况和潜在影响,全力打造我国清洁能源的全产业链优势和我国科技综合竞争力,以有效应对IRA能源政策的负面冲击。

The"Inflation Reduction Act"(IRA)is a comprehensive legislation in the United States that has recently encompassed a wide range of areas including energy policy,healthcare,climate change,fiscal taxation,and more.The energy policy provisions constitute the fundamental components of the IRA.Notably,the energy policy provisions of the IRA are centered around substantial fiscal tax subsidies,serving the interests of energy and manufacturing security in the United States,with the aim of promoting the transition to a greener production and lifestyle.It is important to acknowledge that some of these provisions have a distinct protectionist undertone.However,the implementation of the IRA energy policy could potentially intensify external competition and pose significant negative consequences for the development of our country's clean energy industry.Sectors such as aluminum batteries and new energy vehicles could be adversely affected in terms of industrial upgrading,technological advancements,and market expansion.Over time,this may even create obstacles and hinder the growth of our country's new energy industry.Therefore,it is crucial to closely monitor the progress and potential impact of the IRA energy policy provisions,while simultaneously dedicating efforts to strengthen our nation's entire clean energy industry chain.By comprehensively enhancing our technological competitiveness,we can effectively mitigate the adverse effects of the IRA energy policy.