水肥调控对设施果桑生长的影响及综合评价

Effects of Water and Fertilizer Regulation on Growth of Fruit Mulberry in Greenhouse and Comprehensive Evaluation

以果桑‘大10’为试材,以常规灌溉施肥为对照,采用常规灌溉量的80%和70%2个滴灌水平、常规施肥量的80%和60%2个施肥水平进行滴灌水肥一体化试验,研究了不同水肥处理下设施果桑生长、产量及肥料偏生产力的影响,并采用熵权TOPSIS法进行综合评价,以期为果桑设施栽培科学灌水施肥提供参考依据。结果表明:不同水肥处理对果桑枝条萌发、叶片生长无影响。水肥处理T1和T2能够促进枝条生长,提高坐果数、单果质量和单株产量,降低落果率,且具有较高肥料偏生产力。熵权TOPSIS法分析表明,T1处理相对贴近度排序第1,为0.8054,其次为T2处理,相对贴近度为0.5523。综合得出,滴灌量在80%(3200 m^(3)·hm^(-2)),施肥量60%~80%时,桑果产量指标和肥料利用率高,宜在生产中推广应用。

Taking the fruit mulberry variety‘Da 10’as the experimental material,conventional irrigation and fertilization were used as the control,set two drip irrigation levels of 80%and 70%of conventional irrigation amount,and two fertilization levels of 80%and 60%of conventional fertilization amount to carry out drip irrigation water and fertilizer integration test.The changes in growth,yield and partial fertilizer productivity indicators of different dropper fertilization treatments,and comprehensive evaluation using entropy weight TOPSIS were studied,in order to provide reference for scientific irrigation and fertilization of facility mulberry cultivation.The results showed that there was no effect with different drip fertigation treatments on branch germination and leaf growth of fruit mulberry.Drip fertigation treatments T1 and T2 had higher fertilizer partial productivity,and could promote branch growth,increase fruit number,single fruit weight and yield per plant,and reduce fruit drop rate.The analysis of entropy weight TOPSIS method showed that the relative closeness of T1 treatment was the first,which was 0.8054,followed by T2 treatment,and the relative closeness was 0.5523.It was concluded that when the drip irrigation amount was 80%(3200 m^(3)·hm^(-2))and the fertilization amount was 60%-80%,the mulberry yield index and fertilizer utilization rate were high,which should be popularized and applied in production.