白细胞介素-31在外科术后切口增生性瘢痕中的表达

Expression of interleukin-31 in hypertrophic scar from postoperative incision tissue

目的:探讨白细胞介素-31(IL-31)在外科术后切口增生性瘢痕(hypertrophic scar,HS)的表达及其可能的病理意义。方法:2022年2月至2023年2月,收集北京大学第三医院成形外科HS患者手术切除的瘢痕组织(HS组)及其自身正常皮肤组织(对照组)3例,男1例、女2例;年龄分别为38、52、49岁。通过HE染色、免疫组织化学染色检测增生性瘢痕和对照组皮肤的表皮厚度、真皮内肌成纤维细胞数量、IL-31蛋白表达定位和表达水平。结果:表皮厚度:HS组为(303.88±46.03)μm,对照组为(133.02±17.40)μm(t=12.60,P<0.001)。表皮基底层内IL-31蛋白表达免疫组织化学评分(IRS)和阳性细胞密度:HS组为9.89±2.03、786343.83±159627.97;对照组为4.33±1.66、555457.61±128097.21(P<0.001、P=0.014)。真皮内肌成纤维细胞数量:HS组为(120.44±15.75)个,对照组为(27.39±14.89)个(t=23.79,P<0.001)。真皮层内IL-31蛋白IRS评分和阳性细胞密度:HS组为7.11±1.05、156760.97±26046.10;对照组为4.33±0.71、49576.01±52369.33(均P<0.001)。结论:术后增生性瘢痕中IL-31蛋白表达显著高于瘢痕周围正常皮肤,IL-31蛋白主要表达于肌成纤维细胞、基底层细胞、单核-巨噬细胞、肥大细胞胞质中,提示IL-31在增生性瘢痕发病发展中可能有重要作用,为将来开发新的抗瘢痕增生及瘙痒精准化治疗提供分子依据。

Objective To explore the interleukin-31 protein expression in the hypertrophic scar of incision tissue after surgery and its underlying pathological impact.Methods From February 2022 to February 2023,three HS patients scar tissue(HS)and their normal skin tissue(Control,NS)were obtained.Two patients were female and one patient was male.The tissues were fixed in 4%formalin and embedded in paraffin.Haematoxylin-eosin(HE)stain and immunohistochemical stain were used to evaluate the epidermal thickness,myofibroblasts of dermis and the expression level of IL-31 between HS and NS.Results The epidermis thickness was(303.88±46.03)μm in HS group,while(133.02±17.40)μm in NS group(t=12.60,P<0.001).The expression level of IL-31 protein was measured by IRS score and positive cell density.The IRS score was 9.89±2.03 of the basal layer in HS group and was 4.33±1.66 of the basal layer in NS group.The positive cell density was 786343.83±159627.97 of the basal layer in HS group(P<0.001)and was 555457.61±128097.21 of the basal layer in NS group(P=0.014).In the dermis layer,the IRS score was 7.11±1.05 in HS group and was 4.33±0.71 in NS group,the positive cell density was 156760.97±26046.10 in HS group(P<0.001)and was 49576.01±52369.33 in NS group(P<0.001).In the dermis layer,the count of myofibroblasts was 120.44±15.75 in HS group while was 27.39±14.89 in NS group(t=23.79,P<0.001).Conclusions Our study demonstrates that both myofibroblast count and IL-31 protein expression level are notably increased in HS patients.The expression of IL-31 protein is prominent in the cytoplasm of myofibroblasts,basal cells,macrophages and mast cells which could implicate that IL-31 may be a potential therapeutic target to enhance the resolution of HS.