远洋渔民酒精使用、抑郁症状及关联因素的混合结构方程模型分析

The Use of Structural Equation Mixture Modeling for Studying Alcohol Use,Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors in Deep-sea Fishermen

目的:探索远洋渔民酒精使用、抑郁症状与工作压力、神经质和功能失调性态度的潜类别及特征。方法:采用酒精依赖疾患识别测验(AUDIT)、流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)、舰艇人员心理应激源调查问卷(MSIQ)、大五人格量表-神经质维度(NEO-FFI)、功能失调性态度量表(DAS)对749名远洋饮酒渔民进行问卷调查。使用Mplus进行混合结构方程模型分析。结果:远洋渔民可分为中症状低风险组(5%)、高症状高风险组(8%)和低症状中风险组(87%)3个潜类别。在中症状低风险组,工作压力与酒精使用、抑郁症状均显著正相关(β=0.63、0.75,均P<0.01)。在高症状高风险组,工作压力、神经质、功能失调性态度各自与酒精使用、抑郁症状均显著相关(β=-0.51~0.73,均P<0.05)。在低症状中风险组,工作压力、神经质、功能失调性态度各自与抑郁症状显著正相关(β=0.11~0.42,均P<0.01)。结论:在远洋渔民群体中,工作压力、神经质、功能失调性态度对酒精使用、抑郁症状的作用存在群体异质性。

Objective:To examine the degree to which there are differential effects of work stress,neuroticism,dysfunc⁃tional attitudes on alcohol use and depressive symptoms among deep-sea fishermen.Methods:749 fishermen were includ⁃ed by using Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test(AUDIT),Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D),Mental Stressor Investigation Questionnaire(MSIQ),Neo-five factor inventory(NEO-FFI),and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale(DAS).A structural equation mixture modeling analysis was conducted in Mplus 7.Results:This study identified three latent classes that were primarily distinguished by differential effects of work stress,neuroticism and dysfunctional at⁃titudes on alcohol use and depressive symptoms:(1)moderate symptoms with low susceptibility(5%);(2)severe symptoms with high susceptibility(8%);(3)asymptomatic with moderate susceptibility(87%).In the moderate symptoms with low sus⁃ceptibility group,work stress was positively correlated with alcohol use and depressive symptoms(β=0.63,0.75,both P<0.01).In the severe symptoms with high susceptibility group,work stress,neuroticism,and dysfunctional attitudes were cor⁃related with alcohol use and depressive symptoms(β=-0.51~0.73,all P<0.05)respectively.In the asymptomatic with mod⁃erate susceptibility group,work stress,neuroticism,and dysfunctional attitudes were positively correlated with depressive symptoms(β=0.11~0.42,all P<0.01).Conclusion:The findings suggest differential effects of work stress,neuroticism and dysfunctional attitudes on alcohol use and depressive symptoms among deep-sea fishermen.