尼古丁依赖和拒烟效能感的关系:身份认同和相对戒烟规范的作用

The Relationship between Nicotine Dependence and Smoking Refusal Efficacy:The Role of Identity and Relative Quitting Norms

目的:探讨吸烟者身份认同和相对戒烟规范在尼古丁依赖与拒烟效能感关系中的作用。方法:采用拒绝吸烟自我效能感量表、尼古丁依赖量表、吸烟者自我认同量表、相对戒烟规范量表对1016名吸烟者进行调查。结果:(1)尼古丁依赖负向预测拒烟效能感;(2)吸烟者身份认同在尼古丁依赖预测拒烟效能感的过程中起部分中介作用;(3)相对戒烟规范负向调节身份认同对拒烟效能感的预测作用。对于感知到低相对戒烟规范的吸烟者来说,身份认同显著负向预测拒烟效能感。对于感知到高相对戒烟规范的吸烟者来说,身份认同对拒烟效能感的预测作用不显著。结论:尼古丁依赖可以通过增强吸烟者身份认同从而降低拒烟效能感;相对戒烟规范削弱了身份认同对拒烟效能感的消极作用。

Objective:The current study aims to examine the role of identity and relative quitting norms in the relation⁃ship between nicotine dependence and smoking refusal efficacy.Methods:A sample of 1016 Chinese smokers was recruit⁃ed to complete several self-report questionnaires,including Nicotine Dependence Scale,Smoking Refusal Skill-Efficacy Scale,Smokers Identity Scale,Descriptive Smoking Norms Scale,and Descriptive Quitting Norms Scale.Results:(a)Nico⁃tine dependence negatively predicted smoking refusal efficacy.(b)The relationship between the nicotine dependence and smoking refusal efficacy was partially mediated by smoker identity.(c)The relationship between the smoker identity and smoking refusal efficacy was moderated by relative quitting norms.The effect of smoker identity on smoking refusal efficacy was significantly weaker in higher levels of relative quitting norms.Conclusion:Nicotine dependence can reduce smoking refusal efficacy by enhancing smoker identity.The negative effect of smoker identity on smoking refusal efficacy can be weakened by relative quitting norms.