多元监管工具如何促进制造企业绿色生产行为?

How to promote the green production behavior of manufacturing enterprises with multiple regulatory tools?

通过政府规范与引导,促使企业采取绿色生产行为,对摒弃粗放式生产方式推动经济绿色发展具有重要意义。基于全国592家制造企业微观调研数据,运用有序回归模型与链式中介模型,研究监管工具对企业绿色生产行为的推进效果及在推进过程中监管工具间的交互效应,并探究监管工具对企业的作用机制。实证发现:①法律法规型、行业标准型、经济激励型、宣传教育型和信息引导型五类监管工具均能促进企业绿色生产行为的发生;②多元监管工具在推进企业绿色生产进程中,存在互补效应和替代效应,即多元监管工具同时作用于企业绿色生产行为时,既可能产生政策合力,也会存在政策效应抵消的现象;③监管工具干预不同性质企业时,政策边际效果存在差别,而监管工具干预不同规模、地区的企业时,政策异质性不显著;④绿色研发投入和技术创新在监管工具推进企业绿色生产行为的影响过程中,具有部分链式中介作用。在推进制造企业绿色生产的实践中,政府应拓展监管工具种类,丰富监管工具规范形式;科学评估监管工具的政策效能,发挥多元监管工具的协同效应;关注异质性企业的政策偏好,实施精准施策;准确把握监管工具的作用机制,提高监管工具的干预效率。该研究从多元监管工具政策交互的角度,科学评估多元监管工具的实施效果及监管工具间的依赖性与互动性,厘清监管工具的政策异质性与作用机制,拓展了监管政策工具的研究视域,为政府制定和实施“组合拳”政策提供参考价值。

It is of great significance to abandon the extensive production mode and promote green economic development through government regulations.Based on the micro-level survey data of 592 manufacturing enterprises in China,this research analyzed the promoting effect,interaction effect,and mechanism of regulatory tools on corporate green production behavior by using the ordered probit regression model and the chain mediation model.The empirical findings were as follows:①The laws,industry standards,economic incentives,publicity education,and information guidance regulations could all promote the occurrence of corporate green production behavior.②There were complementary and substitution effects in the process of promoting corporate green production.That is,when multiple regulatory tools regulated green production behavior at the same time,they might not only produce policy synergy,but also result in policy effect offset.③When regulatory tools were applied to enterprises of different ownership,the marginal effect of policies was different.However,when they were applied to enterprises of different scales and regions,the policy heterogeneity was not significant.④Green R&D investment and technological innovation had a chain mediating effect between government regulation and corporate green production behavior.In the practice of green production,the government should expand the types of regulatory tools,scientifically evaluate the policy effectiveness of regulatory tools to bring into play the synergistic effect of diversified regulatory tools,and pay attention to the policy preferences of heterogeneous firms.In addition,the government needs to accurately grasp the mechanisms of regulatory tools and improve intervention efficiency.From the perspective of policy interaction,this research scientifically evaluates the implementation effect and interaction among regulatory tools,which can clarify the policy heterogeneity and mechanism of regulatory tools.This study also expands the research scope on regulatory policy tools and provides a reference for the government to formulate and apply policies combining a variety of tools.