妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的生殖道感染对其妊娠结局的影响

The Impact of Genital Tract Infection on Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的生殖道感染对其妊娠结局的影响。方法选取2020年9月至2021年9月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇110例,根据产前检查生殖道感染结果分为对照组(生殖道未感染者,n=60)与观察组(生殖道感染者n=50)。采集观察组孕妇感染情况,比较两组孕妇妊娠并发症发生率,分析生殖道感染对孕妇妊娠结局的影响。结果孕妇生殖道感染由支原体、霉菌、衣原体、细菌性阴道病、外阴道假丝酵母病和其他病原体感染构成,分别占比36.00%、22.00%、20.00%、10.00%、8.00%、4.00%;观察组瘢痕子宫、前置胎盘、臀位妊娠、羊水过少、子痫前期、胎膜早破妊娠并发症总发生率(40.00%)高于对照组的(21.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、新生儿低体重、剖宫率、早产、死胎、转NICU妊娠不良结局总发生率(46.00%)显著高于对照组(16.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病孕妇生殖道感染可增加孕妇并发症发生率及不良妊娠结局,严重影响母婴安全。

Objective To explore the impact of genital tract infection on pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 110 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus admitted to The People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from September 2020 to September 2021 were selected.Based on the results of prenatal examination for genital tract infection,they were divided into a control group(n=60)and an observation group(n=50)with and without genital tract infection,respectively.The infection status of pregnant women in the observation group was collected,and the incidence of pregnancy complications in the two groups was compared to analyze the impact of genital tract infection on pregnancy outcomes.Results Genital tract infection in pregnant women was composed of Mycoplasma,fungi,Chlamydia,bacterial vaginosis,vulvovaginal candidiasis,and other pathogens,accounting for 36.00%,22.00%,20.00%,10.00%,8.00%,and 4.00%,respectively.The total incidence of pregnancy complications,including scarred uterus,placenta previa,breech presentation,oligohydramnios,pre-eclampsia,and preterm premature rupture of membranes in the observation group(40.00%)was higher than that in the control group(21.67%),with statistical significance(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes,including fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia,low birth weight,cesarean section rate,premature birth,stillbirth,and transfer to NICU,in the observation group(46.00%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(16.67%),with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Genital tract infection in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus can increase the incidence of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes,seriously affecting maternal and neonatal safety.