多普勒超声检测颈动脉粥样硬化斑块对缺血性脑血管病临床诊断价值

Significance of doppler ultrasound detection of carotid atherosclerotic plaque for ischemic cerebrovascular disease

目的探究多普勒超声检测颈动脉粥样硬化斑块(CAS)在缺血性脑血管病(ICVD)临床诊断价值。方法选取2019年6月至2021年6月于萍乡市人民医院治疗的40例ICVD患者作为观察组,另选取同期于本院体检的40名健康者作为对照组。分析两组经多普勒超声检查的稳定性(硬斑、扁平斑)、不稳定性(软斑、溃疡斑)斑块情况,根据超声影像,比较两组斑块高发部位及数量。结果两组扁平斑、硬斑、溃疡斑占比比较差异无统计学意义;观察组CAS斑块检出率、软斑检出率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组颈总动脉斑块检出率比较差异无统计学意义;观察组颈总动脉分叉处及颈内动脉起始段斑块检出率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论多普勒超声检测可有效检出CAS斑块,并清晰显示斑块分布情况及组织性状,合理应用这一检查方法对防治ICVD具有积极意义。

Objective To explore the clinical diagnostic value of carotid atherosclerotic plaque(CAS)detected by Doppler ultrasound in ischemic ceebral vascular disease(ICVD).Methods Forty patients with ICVD treated in Pingxiang People's Hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected as the observation group,and 40 healthy people who visited the hospital for physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.The stable plaque(hard plaque,flat plaque)and unstable plaque(soft plaque,ulcer plaque)of the two groups were analyzed by Doppler ultrasound.The high incidence site and number of plaque in the two groups were compared according to the ultrasound image.Results There was no significant difference in the proportion of flat macula,hard macula and ulcer macula between the two groups.The CAS plaque detection rate and soft plaque detection rate in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the detection rate of common carotid artery plaque between the two groups.The detection rate of plaque at the bifurcation of common carotid artery and the initial segment of internal carotid artery of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Doppler ultrasound can effectively detect CAS plaque,and clearly show the distribution and histological characteristics of the plaque.Reasonable application of this examination method has a positive significance for the prevention and treatment of ICVD.