道光六年漕粮海运商船所用航海时间的初步研究

A Preliminary Study on the Time Taken by the Oceangoing Merchant Ships to Transport Tribute Grains in 1826

道光初年,在海运与漕运的争论中,海运支持者对商船航海所用时间的讨论,虽是一个很好的观察当时政治争论的切入点,但此次讨论造成商船出吴淞口到天津所用时间的记载模糊不清。然通过对北洋航线地理环境、时令风信、停泊补给等诸因素的分析及商船具体进出口日期提供的佐证,可以清晰地梳理出商船出吴淞口泛海抵津的用时问题。同时,在复原商船航海用时的基础上,指出商船航海所用时间短,对促进中国南北商品贸易的发展有重要影响。

In the debate between supporters of maritime and canal transportation in the early years of the Daoguang reign,the discussion of the time it took for merchant ships to sail became a good entry point to observe the political dispute of the time.However,this discussion resulted in conflicting records on the time it took for merchant ships to travel from Wusongkou to Tianjin.The present study analyzes various factors such as the geographical environment of the northern sea routes,seasonal winds and currents,and berth supplies,and provides evidence from the specific dates of arrival and departure of merchant ships to clarify the above-mentioned issue.After figuring out the actual time used,it is pointed out that the shorter time it took by sea had an important impact on promoting the development of north-south commodity trade in China.