油莎豆不同器官在不同发育时期的养分变化特征研究

Study on the Varied Character of the Nutrient Content of Different Organs of the Cyperus esculentus at Different Stages of Tuber Growth

为探究块茎不同发育期油莎豆(Cyperus esculentus)地上植株、块茎和根系养分含量的变化特征,以油莎豆(品种为‘丰产2号’)为试验材料,在块茎生长中期、生长后期和成熟期分别收集地上植株、块茎和根系,分析其养分含量的变化。结果表明:地上植株的酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量在块茎生长中期、生长后期和成熟期无显著差异。块茎的可溶性糖含量在块茎生长后期显著低于生长中期和成熟期(P<0.05),而粗脂肪含量在块茎成熟期显著高于生长中期(P<0.05)。根系的全氮和全磷含量在块茎生长中期显著高于生长后期和成熟期(P<0.05),全钾含量在块茎成熟期显著高于生长中期(P<0.05)。综上,由块茎的可溶性糖和粗脂肪及地上植株的中性和酸性洗涤纤维指标体现,最佳的收获时间有块茎生长后期和成熟期,以期为油莎豆的收益模式提供参考数据。

To explore the varied character of the nutrient content in aboveground plant,tuber,and root of Cyperus esculentus at different stages of tuber growth,the aboveground plant,tuber,and root samples of C.esculentus(‘Feng Chan No.2’)were collected at the middle,late,and maturity stages of tuber growth with the experimental material as C.esculentus.The sample nutrients were analyzed.The results showed that the acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber contents of aboveground plant were not significantly different at the middle,late,and maturity stages of tuber growth.The soluble sugar content of the tuber at the late stage of tuber growth was significantly lower than at the middle and maturity stages of tuber growth(P<0.05).The ether extract content of the tuber at the maturity stage of the tuber were significantly higher than at the middle stage of tuber growth(P<0.05).The total nitrogen and total phosphorus content of root at the middle stage of tuber growth were significantly higher than at the late and maturity stage of tuber growth(P<0.05);however,the total potassium content of root at the maturity stage of tuber growth was significantly higher than at the middle stage of tuber growth(P<0.05).In conclusion,reflected by the soluble sugar and ether extract of tubers and the neutral and acid detergent fiber indexes of aboveground plant,the best harvest time should be the late and maturity stages of the tuber growth,providing the reference data for the profitable harvest model of the C.esculentus.