街头献血者再次献血意愿调查及影响因素分析

Survey on the willingness to re-donate blood and its influencing factors of street blood donors

目的调查街头献血者再次献血意愿现状,分析其影响因素,为发展固定献血者队伍,提高采血效能提供参考。方法2021年7月—2022年12月在南通市中心血站5个街头献血点,随机选择1210名全血献血者访谈再次献血意愿及相关因素,并于献血后24 h内及2~3周电话回访,统计离场后献血不良反应(adverse donation reactions,ADRs)出现的频率和类型。结果在1210名接受调查的街头献血者中,首次献血590人,占比48.76%(590/1210);重复献血620人,占比51.24%(620/1210)。献血后24 h内和2~3周电话回访1210名街头献血者离场后的ADRs,电话回访有效率96.03%(1162/1210),迟发性ADRs的发生率1.29%(15/1162)。620名再次献血者主观意愿中首要原因是“促进自身健康”61.77%(383/620)(P<0.05),现场体验排在首位的是“献血地点的设置”56.61%(351/620)(P<0.05)。结论献血者的主观意愿、献血地点的设置、献血服务及献血宣传等是影响献血者再次献血的主要因素。应通过提高献血服务,对献血政策和激励措施的宣传等来提高献血者再次献血的比例,促进无偿献血事业的发展。

Objective To investigate the re-donation willingness and its influencing factors of street blood donrs,so as to stable the team of blood donors and enhance the efficiency of blood collection.Methods From July 2021 to December 2022,1210 blood donors were randomly selected from 5 street blood donation sites affiliated to Nantong Central Blood Station,and their willingness to re-donate blood and influencing factors were surveyed via telephone interviews within 24 hours and 2 to 3 weeks after blood donation.The frequency and type of adverse donation reactions(ADRs)was gathered.Results Among 1210 street blood donors,590 were first-time blood donors,accounting for 48.76%(590/1210),and 620 were repeated blood donors,accounting for 51.24%(620/1210).The response rate of this survey was 96.03%(1162/1210),and the incidence of delayed ADRs was 1.29%(15/1162)according to telephone interviews after blood donation.Among the 620 repeated blood donors,“health promotion”(61.77%,383/620)was the most important reason for willingness of redonation(P<0.05),and the top of the list for on-site experience was“blood donation locations”(56.61%,351/620)(P<0.05).Conclusion The intention of blood donors,location of blood donation sites,service and publicity of blood donation are the main factors that affect the re-donation of blood donors.It’s vital to increase the proportion of blood re-donation,and promote the development of voluntary blood donation by improving blood donation service,policy popularization and incentive measures.