植物体胚发生及其分子调控机制研究进展

Research Progress on Somatic Embryogenesis and Its Molecular Regulatory Mechanism in Plant

体细胞胚胎(体胚)发生是最常用植物生物技术之一。它既可以用于商业化和工厂化植物生产,也可以作为细胞分化、基因表达和代谢调控等基础研究提供模式系统。研究表明,LEAFY COTYLEDON (LEC)、FUSCA (FUS)、WUSCHEL (WUS)等发育基因以及YUCCA1 (YUC1)、YUCCA4 (YUC4)和YUCCA10 (YUC10)等激素相关基因是体胚发生过程的重要调控因子。转录因子介导的动态基因表达调控,以及表观遗传调控过程(如DNA甲基化,组蛋白修饰,miRNAs和染色质重塑等),对体胚发生的成功也至关重要。本研究对植物体细胞胚胎发生途径调控机制及其应用进行了总结。

Somatic embryogenesis is one of the most usedplant biotechnologies.It is commonly utilized in the commercial and industrialized plant production,and is also a model system for studying the regulation of cell differentiation,gene expression metabolism.Previous studies showed that developmental genes,such as LEAFY COTYLEDON(LEC),FUSCA(FUS),WUSCHEL(WUS),and hormone-related genes such as YUCCA1(YUC1),YUCCA4(YUC4) and YUCCA10(YUC10) are the important regulators of somatic embryogenesis.Transcription factors,and epigenetic processes(DNA methylation,histone modifications,miRNAs and chromatin remodeling)-regulated dynamic gene expression are also critical for the success of somatic embryogenesis.In this study,the regulatory mechanism of plant somatic embryogenesis pathway and its application were summarized.