生育后期甜瓜果实中营养成分累积变化机制研究

Study on the Mechanism of Cumulative Changes of Nutrients in Melon Fruit in the Late Growth Period

【目的】明确甜瓜果皮、果肉生育后期不同阶段营养成分的累积变化规律。【方法】于7月20日至8月1日,间隔1 d采集甜瓜果皮、果肉样品,根据对应国标方法,开展了样品中烟酰胺、烟酸、VB_(1)、VB_(2)、酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸、丁二酸、富马酸、果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖12项营养指标的定量分析,并根据定量分析结果,开展了甜瓜果皮果肉生育后期营养品质累积规律的研究与探讨。【结果】7月20日至8月1日,甜瓜果皮、果肉中果糖、苹果酸、柠檬酸、丁二酸、烟酰胺、维生素B_(2)含量均呈先升高后降低的趋势,极大值出现多在7月26日左右;果肉中维生素B_(2)、果皮中烟酸含量变化也呈先升高后降低的趋势,极大值出现时间有所不同,分别是7月26日和7月28日;果肉中维生素B_(1)、果皮中维生素B_(2)、含量呈先降低后升高再降低的趋势,极大值出现在7月24日左右;果皮中维生素B_(1)含量呈先升高后降低再升高的趋势,极大值出现在7月22日;而果肉中烟酸含量整体呈波动降低的趋势,极大值出现为7月20日。【结论】甜瓜果皮、果肉中果糖及葡萄糖为有优势可溶性糖,而有机酸含量则由苹果酸及柠檬酸决定;生育后期不同营养成分的累积变化规律有所差异,宜根据目标营养成分种类,选择适宜的干预调控阶段。

[Objective]This study aims to clarify the cumulative changes of nutrient composition at different stages of melon peel and pulp in the later stages of growth.[Method]Melon peel and pulp samples were collected from July 20 to August 1,according to the national standard,the quantitative analysis of 12 nutritional indexes of niacinamide,niacin,VB_(1),VB_(2),tartaric acid,malic acid,citric acid,succinic acid,fumaric acid,fructose,glucose and sucrose was conducted,Based on the quantitative analysis results,the accumulation of nutritional quality in the late growth stage of melon peel pulp were explored and discussed.[Result]From July 20 to August 1,the contents of fructose,malic acid,citric acid,succinic acid,niacinamide and vitamin B_(2) in the peel and pulp of melon increased first and then decreased,and the maximum value occurred around July 26.The content of vitamin B_(2) in pulp and niacin in peel also showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and the maximum value occurred at different times,which were July 26 and July 28,respectively.The content of vitamin B_(1) in pulp and vitamin B_(2) in peel showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing and finally decreasing,and the maximum value occurred around July 24;The content of vitamin B_(1) in the peel first increased,then decreased and finally increased,and the maximum occurred on July 22.The content of nicotinic acid in the pulp showed a trend of fluctuating decrease,and the maximum value appeared on July 20.[Conclusion]Melon peel,pulp seed fructose and glucose are dominant soluble sugars,while organic acid content is determined by malic acid and citric acid.The cumulative changes of different nutrients in the later stages of growth are different,and it is advisable to select the appropriate intervention and regulation stage according to the type of target nutrients.