基于GIS的新疆呼图壁县棉花精细化气候区划

Fine Climate Zoning of Cotton in Hutubi County of Xinjiang Based on GIS

为应对气候变化对棉花生产的影响,通过统计回归和反距离权重(IDW)等方法对新疆呼图壁县等15个气象站1980—2020年气候和地理信息等数据资料分析,构建了≥10℃积温、无霜期、7月平均气温、≥15℃持续日数、≥20℃积温等指标与经度、纬度、海拔等地理要素的空间分析推算模型,结合棉花区划指标等级,最终得到呼图壁县棉花种植精细化气候区划。呼图壁县划分为宜棉区、次宜棉区、风险棉区和不宜棉区4个区。宜棉区主要分布在呼图壁县海拔510 m以下的北部平原地区,包括园户村镇、111团场、105团场、106团场、芳草湖农场的平原地区;次宜棉区主要分布在呼图壁县海拔510~650 m的乌奎高速公路附近地带,包括呼图壁镇、十里店镇、五工台镇和大丰镇南北两侧的平原地区;风险棉区主要分布在呼图壁县以南海拔650~850 m的山前倾斜平原;不宜棉区主要分布在海拔850 m以上,包括石梯子乡、雀尔沟镇以南中高山在内。

Based on the climate data and geographic information data of Hutubi county and its surrounding 15 meteorological stations from 1980 to 2020,the spatial simulation model of index factors such as ≥10 ℃ accumulated temperature,frost-free period,average temperature in July,≥15 ℃duration,≥20 ℃ accumulated temperature were constructed by geostatistical regression and inverse distance weight.Combined with the index grade of cotton zoning,the refined climate zoning of cotton planting was finally obtained.The zoning results show that the whole county was divided into four zones:the suitable zone,the sub-suitable zone,the risk zone and the unsuitable zone.The suitable planting area was in the northern plain area of Hutubi county with an altitude below 510 m,including the plain area of Yuanhu village,111 regiment,105 regiment,106 regiment and Fangcaohu farm.The sub-suitable area was in the vicinity of Wukui Expressway in Hutubi county with an altitude of 510 m to 650 m,including Hutubi town,Shilidian town,Wugongtai town and the plain areas in the north and south sides of Dafeng town.The risk cotton area was in the piedmont sloping plain at the south of Hutubi county with an altitude of 650 m to 850 m.The non-cotton area was at the area with the altitude above 850 m.