黄杨斑蛾田猎姬蜂与寄主大叶黄杨斑蛾的发育同步性

Development synchronization of the ectoparasitoid Agrothereutes minousubae with its host Pryeria sinica

【目的】寻求针对中国园林重要害虫大叶黄杨斑蛾(Pryeria sinica Moore)绿色持久的生物防治策略。以其预蛹期和蛹期的专一性外寄生蜂,即河南新纪录种黄杨斑蛾田猎姬蜂(Agrothereutes minousubae Nakanishi)为研究对象,在明确寄主年生活史的基础上,对该蜂发生发育特点及控害作用等进行研究,探明二者的生活史对策。【方法】野外调查大叶黄杨斑蛾和黄杨斑蛾田猎姬蜂的发生过程,通过采集大叶黄杨斑蛾茧,统计寄生率;结合室内饲养,观察记录二者的发育状态。【结果】大叶黄杨斑蛾一年发生一代,以蛹滞育,以卵越冬。黄杨斑蛾田猎姬蜂一年发生一代或两代,均以老熟幼虫滞育。黄杨斑蛾田猎姬蜂成虫羽化高峰期恰为寄主大叶黄杨斑蛾预蛹期或蛹期,发育同步性极强,对大叶黄杨斑蛾的自然寄生率可达36.9%~51.5%。【结论】黄杨斑蛾田猎姬蜂与其寄主大叶黄杨斑蛾滞育期极长,生活史高度同步,是抑制大叶黄杨斑蛾种群增长的优势寄生性天敌,应加以保护与利用。

【Objective】In order to look for the sustained biological control strategies of Pryeria sinica Moore(Lepidoptera:Zygaenidae),an important insect pest of ornamental plant in China,the occurrence of a specific ectoparasitoid Agrothereutes minousubae Nakanishi(Hymenoptera:Ichneumonidae)at pre-pupal and pupal stage of P.sinica was used as the research object.As a new record species in Henan Province,the occurrence of ectoparasitoid A.minousubae and the biological control of P.sinica by this ectoparasitoid were explored systematically on the basis of field survey of the annual life history of its host P.sinica.The aim of the present study was to make clear of their life history strategies.【Method】Field survey of both host species P.sinica and A.minousubae was made.Host cocoons were collected from the field and then reared indoor.The parasitism rate of P.sinica parasitized by A.minousubae was investigated.【Result】The results showed that P.sinica is univoltine diapausing with pupa and overwintering with egg.A.minousubae has two different types of the annual life cycle,one generation or two generations in a year as diapausing mature larva.The life cycle synchronization is very strong between this parasitoid and its host species,which overlapped in the host pupal stage.The natural parasitism rate of A.minousubae to P.sinica was 36.9%-51.5%.【Conclusion】Both host species and its parasitoid have long diapause periods.The pre-pupal and pupal ectoparasitoid A.minousubae is the dominant parasitic natural enemy in controlling P.sinica population,and the protection and utilization of this parasitoid should be strengthened.