不明原因急性弥漫性脑梗死的影像特点及常见病因

The Image Characteristics and Common Causes of Unexplained Acute Diffuse Cerebral Infarction

目的:探讨不明原因急性弥漫性脑梗死的影像特点及常见病因。方法:连续收集2018年1月至2020年12月份期间西安市第九医院收治的10例不明原因急性弥漫性脑梗死患者作为分析对象,对其临床疾病、影像学表现、实验室相关指标等临床资料进行分析。结果:纳入的10例患者中,胰腺癌2例,肺癌1例,外阴癌1例,泌尿系感染2例,嗜酸性粒细胞增多症1例,附件脓肿伴脓毒血症1例,烫伤1例,不明原因凝血异常1例。急性弥漫性脑梗死患者影像学表现为非分水岭、跨血管区域散发分布的急性小梗死灶,幕上大脑及幕下小脑、脑干均可发生,皮层下及深部白质均可受累。凝血功能指标显示D-二聚体水平升高。结论:不明原因急性弥漫性脑梗死的可能病因是各种疾病导致的血液高凝状态。

Objective:To investigate the image characteristics and common causes of unexplained acute diffuse cerebral infarction.Methods:Cllecting 10 cases of unexplained acute diffuse cerebral infarction as the intervention group,analyzing the clinical information,image characteristics and laboratory indexes.Results:Among 10 cases,2 cases of pancreatic cancer,1 case of lung cancer,1 case of vulvar cancer,2 cases of urinary system infection,1 case of eosinophilia,1 case of an adnexal abscess with sepsis,1 case of empyrosis,1 case of idiopathic hypercoagulability.The imaging features of unexplained acute diffuse cerebral infarction were as follows:acute small infarct with non-water-differentiated and transvascular distribution,the supratentorial brain,cerebellum and brain stem could occur,subcortical and deep white matter could be involved.Coagulation function showed elevated levels of D-dimer,it indicated that the blood was hypercoagulable.Conclusion:The cause of unexplained acute diffuse cerebral infarction possibly is hypercoagulability of blood which caused by various diseases.