二维超声联合四维超声对不同孕龄产前超声筛查胎儿畸形的临床价值

Clinical value of two-dimensional ultrasound combined with four-dimensional ultrasound in prenatal ultrasound screening for fetal malformations at different gestational ages

目的探究二维超声联合四维超声对不同孕龄产前超声筛查胎儿畸形的临床价值。方法选取2018年7月至2020年7月于本院行畸形胎儿超声检查的126例孕妇作为研究对象,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组63例。对照组实施常规二维超声检查,观察组实施二维超声联合四维超声检查。比较两组产妇检查准确率及胎儿畸形率情况。结果观察组临床诊断准确率(95.24%)明显高于对照组(84.13%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同类别胎儿畸形中,唇腭裂40例(31.75%),神经管畸形26例(20.63%),淋巴水囊瘤36例(28.57%),四肢畸形24例(19.05%);孕早期检出胎儿畸形检出率为19.05%,孕中期检出率为71.43%,孕晚期检出率为9.52%,孕中期胎儿畸形发生率高于孕早期和孕晚期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论二维超声联合四维超声检查在不同孕龄产前超声筛查胎儿畸形检查中效果显著,能有效提高诊断准确率,具有较高的临床诊断价值。

Objective To explore the clinical value of two-dimensional ultrasound combined with four-dimensional ultrasound in prenatal ultrasound screening for fetal malformations at different gestational weeks.Methods 126 pregnant women who underwent ultrasound examination of deformed fetuses in our hospital from July 2018 to July 2020 were selected as the research subjects,and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 63 cases in each group.The control group received conventional two-dimensional ultrasound examination,while the observation group received two-dimensional ultrasound combined with four-dimensional ultrasound examination,the accuracy rate of maternal examination and fetal malformation rate were compared between the two groups.Results The accuracy rate of clinical diagnosis in the observation group(95.24%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(84.13%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Among different types of fetal malformations,there were 40 cases of cleft lip and palate(31.75%),26 cases of neural tube malformation(20.63%),36 cases of lymphatic hydrocystoma(28.57%)and 24 cases of limb malformation(19.05%).The detection rate of fetal malformation in the first trimester was 19.05%,the second trimester was 71.43%and the third trimester was 9.52%;the incidence of fetal malformation in the second trimester was higher than that in the first and third trimesters,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Two-dimensional ultrasound combined with four-dimensional ultrasound is effective in prenatal ultrasound screening for fetal malformations at different gestational weeks,which can effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy and has high clinical diagnostic value.