李显龙政府中美平衡战略评析

Lee Hsien Loong Administration’s Counter⁃Balance Strategy towards the U.S.and China

平衡战略是小国常用战略,新加坡是实施平衡战略的代表性国家。李显龙政府的中美平衡战略以务实主义为基本原则,以加强与中美两国的合作为主线,从而维持中美在东南亚相互制衡的局面、维护国家与地区安全,并进一步构建以新加坡与东盟为中心的关系网络。本文以新加坡平衡战略在中美竞争与合作态势变化下的调整为划分依据,将李显龙政府的中美平衡战略实践划分为“构建—走向失衡—再平衡”三个阶段,论述新加坡在不同阶段的国家、双边、地区及国际层面的战略。通过多年实践,李显龙政府的中美平衡战略在实现国家安全、促进经济发展、维护区域稳定等方面取得了成效,但也面临着美国对中国战略遏制的推进、贸易保护主义兴起等挑战。面对中美竞争加剧和新加坡中美平衡战略的调整,中国应不断提升自身影响力,稳健应对中美战略竞争,深化中新共同利益并助力东盟维护中心地位,积极推进周边合作制度化。

Counter⁃balance strategy is useful for small states.Singapore is a representative country in imple⁃menting balanced diplomacy.Lee Hsien Loong administration’s counter⁃balance strategy towards the U.S.and China is based on the pragmatism identified as the basic principle,strengthening cooperation with Chi⁃na and the United States as a core task and implementing a dynamic balance around the evolution of the China⁃U.S.relations with the purpose of maintaining the balance between China and the U.S.and safe⁃guarding regional security and constructing a network of having Singapore and the ASEAN as the central point.Based on the adjustment of Singapore’s balanced strategy to the changing dynamics of the U.S.⁃China competition and cooperation,this paper discusses the three phases of the Lee Hsien Loong administration’s practice of counter⁃balance strategy namely construction,imbalance and adjustment.It also demonstrates the Singapore’s strategy at the national,bilateral,regional and global levels across the three phases.The Lee Hsien Loong administration’s counter⁃balance strategy has been effective in achieving national security,promoting economic development and maintaining regional stability,while facing the challenges such as the promotion of the U.S.strategic containment of China and the rise of trade protectionism.In the face of the intensifying U.S.⁃China competition and the adjustment of Singapore’s counter⁃balance strategy,China should steadily respond to such a strategic competition,deepen the common interests of China and Singapore,help the ASEAN maintain its central position,and actively promote the institutionalization of its neighboring cooperation.