博山地区不同年龄段儿童意外伤害的临床特征分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics of accidental injury in children of different ages in Boshan area

目的分析博山地区不同年龄段儿童意外伤害的临床特征。方法选取2018年1—12月本院急诊科接诊的1078例0~14岁意外伤害患儿作为研究对象,分析不同年龄段患儿性别分布;比较不同年龄段患儿家庭相关资料;分析不同年龄段患儿伤害类型、伤害部位分布及意外伤害原因、意外伤害发生月份分布和伤害场所、伤害时活动、伤害意图、转归分布。结果1078例0~14岁意外伤害患儿中,男680例,女398例,男女之比为1.71∶1,0~4岁占比(53.90%)最高。不同年龄段意外伤患儿看护人最高学历占比比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄段患儿非经常独处患儿占比高于经常独处患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄段患儿家庭类型占比比较差异无统计学意义,但均以核心家庭类型为主。不同年龄段患儿伤害类型比较差异无统计学意义,均以单一伤类型为主;不同年龄段患儿不同伤害部位比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),均以头部、四肢为主。不同年龄段患儿伤害原因比较差异无统计学意义,其中机械伤为主要伤害原因,且不同年龄段机械伤害原因占比比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),均以跌倒伤为主。不同年龄段患儿意外伤害发生月份比较差异无统计学意义;不同年龄段患儿伤害场所、伤害时活动、伤害意图比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中0~4岁和5~7岁患儿以家庭场所、玩耍占比最高,8~10、11~14岁患儿以学校场所、玩耍为主;不同年龄段患儿伤害时看护人是否为主要看护人、伤害时是否独处比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且以非故意伤害、伤害时看护人是主要看护人、伤害时非独处为主;不同年龄段患儿转归情况比较差异无统计学意义,离院患儿占比最多。结论不同年龄段儿童伤害患者的流行特征不完全一致,应根据不同年龄段儿童伤害患者的临床特征,有针对性的对不同人群进行管理与教育。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of of 1078 children aged 0-14 years old with accidental injuries who years old with accidental injuries who were admitted to the department of cember 2018 were selected as the research subjects,The gender distribution of children at different ages was analyzed;family related data of children of different ages were compared;the distribution of types of injuries,injury parts and the causes of accidental injuries,and the distribution of acciden-tal injuries occurred in months,and the injury sites,activities at the time of injury,injury intention and outcome distribution of children at different ages were analyzed.Results Among the 1078 children aged 0-14 years old,there were 680 males and 398 females,the ratio of male-to-female was 1.71,the proportion of children aged 0-4 years old(53.90%)was the highest.There was statistical significance in the ratio of the highest education of the caregivers of children with accident injuries at different ages(P<0.05);the proportion of children in different age groups who were not often alone was higher than that who were often alone,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the proportion of family types in different age groups,but nuclear family types were the main types.There was no significant difference in injury types among children of different ages(P<0.05),mainly single injury type.There were statistically significant differences in different injury sites in chil-dren of different ages(P<0.05),mainly in the head and limbs.There was no statistically significant difference in the causes of injury among children of different ages,among which mechanical injury was the main cause of injury,and there was statistically significant difference in the proportion of mechanical injury among different ages,with fall injury as the main cause.There was no significant difference in the occurrence month of accidental injury in children of different ages;there were statistically significant differences in injury sites,activities at injury time and injury intention among children of different ages(P<0.05);the children aged 0-4 and 5-7 years old had the highest proportion of home places and play,and the children aged 8-10 and 11-14 years old mainly had school places and play.There were statistically significant differences in whether the caregivers were the main caregivers and whether they were alone at the time of injury among children of different ages(P<0.05),and the unintentional injury,caregivers were the main caregivers at the time of injury,and non-alone at the time of injury were the main ones.There was no significant difference in the out-come of children of different ages,and the proportion of children who were discharged from the hospital was the highest.Conclusion The epidemic characteristics of pediatric injury patients in different age groups are not completely consistent,so targeted management and education should be car-ried out on different groups according to the clinical characteristics of pediatric injury patients of different ages.