不同外源添加物下黑木耳废弃菌渣无害化处理效果

Study on the Harmless Treatment Effect of Waste Fungus Residue of Auricularia auricula With Different Exogenous Additives

为有效提高黑木耳废弃菌渣的无害化处理效率及处理效果,针对黑木耳废弃菌渣堆肥过程中的无害化处理效果进行研究,以堆肥物料组配方式及接种腐熟菌剂种类为变化因子,设置不同物料组配的堆肥处理,跟踪调查堆肥过程中的温度、GI、pH、养分、C/N等技术指标,明确不同外源物质添加下各项指标的变化趋势,以期评价不同处理对堆体无害化处理效果。结果表明:处理F和B温度提升速率最快,均在第4天达到50℃以上,较A、D、E处理提前2 d;高温持续时间也以F处理最长,C、E处理次之。各处理菌渣堆肥发酵时,堆肥物料有碱化的趋势,处理D、E和F的外源物质添加可以抑制碱化趋势;处理F的外源物质添加对于菌渣堆肥有机质提升有促进作用;调控助剂的添加及复合菌剂的倍量使用极大的提高了后期总氮、磷、钾含量,与处理A达到差异显著水平;外源物质添加均降低了碱解氮含量,提高了速效磷和速效钾含量。综上,不同处理对黑木耳菌渣养分的影响存在较大差异,纯菌渣处理物料达到无害化处理的效率明显较其它处理低,通过添加助剂及复合菌剂可以显著提高菌渣的无害化处理效率和堆肥质量,是一种切实可行的黑木耳菌渣无害化处置技术措施。

In order to effectively improve the harmless treatment efficiency and effect of waste fungus residue of Auricularia auricula,the harmless treatment effect of waste fungus residue of Auricularia auricula was studied in the process of piling biological organic fertilizer.The compost treatment with different materials was set up with the compost material composition method and the type of inoculated fungus as the change factor.Follow up and investigate the temperature,GI,pH,nutrient,C/N and other technical indicators in the process of composting,clarify the change trend of each indicator under the addition of different exogenous substances,and then evaluate the harmless treatment effect of different treatments on the heap.The results showed that the temperature of treatments F and B increased the fastest,reached above 50℃on the fourth day,2 days earlier than that of treatments A,D and E.The duration of high temperature was also the longest in F treatment,followed by C and E treatment.During the fermentation of bacterial residue compost,the compost materials had a tendency of alkalinization,and the addition of exogenous substances in treatments D,E and F could inhibit the alkalinization.The addition of exogenous material to treat F could promote the organic matter enhancement of the compost.The addition of regulatory auxiliaries and the double use of compound bacterial agent greatly improved the content of total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the later stage,which was significantly different from that of treatment A.The addition of exogenous substances reduced the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and increased the content of available phosphorus and available potassium.In conclusion,the influence of different treatment of black fungus mushroom residue nutrient was put in bigger difference,pure mushroom residue processing material to disposal efficiency was obviously lower than other processing,showed that by adding additives and compound bacterium agent could significantly improve the quality of mushroom residue disposal efficiency and compost,was a kind of feasible black fungus mushroom residue harmless disposal technique measures.