生命早期不利因素与慢性疾病的发生与预防

Adverse factors in early life and the development and prevention of chronic diseases

基于大量流行病学研究结果形成的“健康与疾病发育起源(DOHaD)”学说,认为许多成人慢性疾病的起因都可追踪到生命发育的早期。生命早期各种不利因素诱导胎儿代谢和发育过程的变化会永久重塑机体的结构、功能和代谢,最终导致成人期疾病的发生。本文着重探讨了生命早期影响儿童及成年期慢性疾病发生的因素,提出了降低疾病风险的建议,以期为慢性疾病的早期预防,促进远期健康提供线索。

The theory of developmental origins of health and disease(DOHaD)that evolved from a series of epidemiological studies of infants and adults states that many chronic diseases in adulthood can be traced back to early life development.Changes in fetal metabolism and developmental processes induced by adverse factors in early life permanently reshape the structure,function and metabolism of the body,ultimately leading to the onset of disease in adulthood.This review focuses on the factors that affect the occurrence of chronic diseases in childhood and adulthood in early life,and puts forward suggestions to reduce the risk of diseases,aiming for providing clues for the early prevention of chronic diseases and promoting long-term health.