泰安地区2021年小学生超重和肥胖的流行病学调查

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school students in Tai′an in 2021

目的了解泰安地区小学生超重和肥胖现况,为制定针对小学生超重肥胖的防治措施提供科学依据。方法2021年随机整群抽取泰安市城乡6~13岁小学生10644人,采用体质量指数(BMI)作为诊断超重和肥胖的标准,统计分析本地区小学生超重和肥胖的调查结果。结果泰安地区6~13岁小学生超重总检出率为23.03%,其中男、女生超重检出率分别为26.14%、19.35%;肥胖总检出率为20.77%,其中男、女生肥胖检出率分别为24.50%、16.35%;男生的超重率、肥胖率均明显高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=69.12、106.52,P<0.05)。城、郊区超重检出率分别为21.86%、24.15%,肥胖检出率分别为22.07%、19.52%。与本地区2018年调研对比,此次6~13岁小学生超重、肥胖检出率显著高于2018年6~13岁小学生超重、肥胖检出率(17.58%、19.03%),3年间增长率分别为33%和9.14%(P<0.01)。结论泰安地区小学生超重率和肥胖率均较高,男生明显高于女生,3年间有明显增长趋势。提高社会对小学生超重肥胖群体防治意识迫在眉睫,制定有效的减重方案势在必行。

Objective To investigate the current prevalence of overweight and obesity of primary school students,in order to provide scientific reference for the developing targeted and effective strategies.Methods A total of 10644 primary school students aged 6 to 13 years were randomly selected from urban and rural areas in Tai′an in this study in 2021.The overweight and obesity were defined according to body mass index(BMI)criteria,then the detection rates of overweight and obesity were analyzed.Results The total detection rate of overweight in children aged 6 to 13 years was 23.03%,which was 26.14%,19.35%for boys and girls,respectively.The total detection rate of obesity in primary school students aged 6 to 13 years was 20.77%,which was 24.50%,16.35%for boys and girls,respectively.The detection rates of overweight and obesity in boys were higher than those in girls.For children from urban and rural areas,the detection rates of overweight were 21.86%and 24.15%,respectively;and the detection rates of obesity were 22.07%and 19.52%,respectively.The detection rates of overweight and obesity in primary school students aged 6 to 13 years were higher than those in 2018(17.58%,19.03%),the growth rates in the three years were 33%and 9.14%respectively.Conclusions The detection rates of overweight and obesity among primary school students in Tai′an area are high,with boys significantly higher than girls,and there is a significant increasing trend from 2018 to 2021.It is urgent to raise social awareness of the prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity in primary school students,and it is imperative to develop an effective weight loss program.