湖北神农架生态保护优先区识别及空缺分析

Identification and Gap Analysis of Priority Areas for Ecological Protection in Shennongjia of Hubei Province

湖北神农架生物多样性丰富、保护价值高,在全球范围内具有极强的不可替代性。为更精准地保护神农架的重要生态资源,提高保护效率,通过构建湖北神农架生态保护优先区识别模型,识别区域保护优先区并进行保护空缺分析。结果表明:湖北神农架的生态价值总体较高,生态保护重要性空间分布格局以“省道318—国道242—省道318”为分界线,北部生态保护重要性显著弱于南部;神农架生态保护优先区主要位于自然度高、人为干扰较低的区域,包括太阳坪、猴子垭、神农顶等。生态保护优先区已基本纳入自然保护地及自然保护小区管理范围,但在竹溪县柳树坪、房县红岩寨、神农架林区黑沙屿、兴山县黄祁垭和太皇山仍存在部分保护空缺。建议依托国家公园体制试点区设立神农架国家公园,进一步整合优化区域内的自然保护地,在保证高生态价值区域纳入保护范围的基础上,提高整体保护效果。

Shennongjia of Hubei Province is rich in biodiversity and has high conservation value,which is highly irreplaceable worldwide.In order to more accurately protect important ecological resources in Shennongjia and improve protection efficiency,this study built an ecological protection priorityarea identification model for Shennongjia of Hubei Province,and conducted protection priority area identification and protection gap analysis for its regions.The results showed that the overall ecological value of Shennongjia in Hubei Province was relatively high,and the spatial distribution pattern of ecological protection importance was divided by provincial highway"318-national highway 2422 provincial highway 318".The ecological protection importance in the north was significantly weaker than that in the south;The priority area for ecological protection in Shennongjia was mainly located in areas with high degree of naturalness and low human interference,including Taiyangping,Houziya,Shennongding,and other areas.However,there were still gaps in the protection of Liushuping in Zhuxi County,Hongyanzhai in Fangxian County,Heishayu in Shennongjia forest region,Huangqiya in Xingshan County,and Taihuang Mountain.The priority areas for ecological protection had basically been included in the management scope of natural protected areas and nature reserves,but there were still some gaps in protection.It is suggested that the opportunity of establishing Shennongjia National Park can be used to further integrate and optimize the regional nature reserve system,and improve protection efficiency on the basis of ensuring that areas with high ecological value are included in the protection scope.