“双循环”格局下高等教育高质量发展:内涵、困境与路径

High Quality Development of Higher Education in the“Dual Circulation”Pattern:Connotation,Predicament and Path

“加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局”是党对“十四五”和未来更长时期我国经济发展作出的重大战略调整。作为经济发展的重要推动力量,高等教育与“双循环”格局之间具有内在逻辑关联。从“双循环”格局的视角出发,高等教育高质量发展需要以结构调整为核心,以创新为动力,以对外开放为抓手,实现协调发展、创新发展和开放发展的统一。然而,当前我国高等教育在协调发展方面面临高等教育结构不合理、供需结构性失衡的问题,在创新发展方面面临高等教育发展动力不足、创新尚未成为新动能的问题,在开放发展方面面临单边主义和保护主义叠加冲击、高等教育对外开放难度加大、高等教育国际地位偏低以及“低端锁定”困局等问题。这些问题在很大程度上阻碍了高等教育的高质量发展。在“双循环”格局下,为推动高等教育实现高质量发展,需要优化高等教育供给结构,构建合理的高等教育结构体系;坚持创新驱动高等教育发展理念,加快推进高等教育新旧动能转换;调整高等教育对外开放战略,构建对外开放新格局,不断提升高等教育吸引力和影响力,夯实高等教育国际地位。

“Accelerating the construction of a new development pattern with domestic systemic circulation as the main body and domestic and international dual circulation promoting each other”is a major strategic adjustment made by the Party to China’s economic development during the“14th Five Year Plan”and a longer period in the future.As an important driving force for economic development,there is an inherent logical connection between higher education and the pattern of“dual circulation”.From the perspective of the“dual circulation”pattern,the high-quality development of higher education requires structural adjustment as the core,innovation as the driving force,and opening up as the starting point,to achieve the unity of coordinated development,innovative development,and open development.However,at present,China’s higher education is faced with the problems of unreasonable higher education structure and structural imbalance between supply and demand in terms of coordinated development;in terms of innovative development,there is a lack of motivation for the development of higher education,and the innovation has not yet become a new driving force;in terms of opening up and development,it is faced with the overlapping impact of unilateralism and protectionism,the increasing difficulty in opening up higher education to the outside world,and the low international status of higher education,which are deeply trapped in the dilemma of“low-end locking”.These problems,to a large extent,hinder the high-quality development of higher education.Under the“dual circulation”pattern,in order to promote high-quality development of higher education,it is necessary to optimize the supply structure of higher education and build a reasonable higher education structural system in terms of coordinated development;in terms of innovative development,it is necessary to adhere to the concept of innovation driven higher education development and accelerate the transformation of new and old driving forces in higher education;in terms of open development,it is necessary not only to further adjust the strategy of opening up higher education to the outside world and build a new pattern of opening up,but also to continuously enhance the attractiveness and influence of higher education and consolidate its international status.